NURSING 100 - MEDS. STUDY GUIDE.

NURSING 100 - MEDS. STUDY GUIDE. Meds Primary reason for administering morphine to a client with a myocardial infarction: To decrease oxygen demand on the client’s heart. Rationals: Morphine will also decrease pain and anxiety while causing sedation, but it is not primarily given for those reasons. What supplemental medication is most frequently ordered in conjunction with furosemide (Lasix)? Potassium Rationals: potassium loss occurs as a result of this diuretic. How long after oral administration can the nurse expect to see digoxin's (Lanoxin) peak effect? 2 to 6 hours RATIONALES: The peak effect of digoxin occurs 2 to 6 hours after an oral dose and 1 to 4 hours after an I.V. dose. Digoxin's onset of action ranges from 30 minutes to 2 hours after an oral dose and from 5 to 30 minutes after an I.V. Dose. The physician prescribes several drugs for a client with hemorrhagic stroke. Which drug order should the nurse question? Heparin sodium RATIONALES: Administration of heparin, an anticoagulant, could increase the bleeding associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Therefore, the nurse should question this order to prevent additional hemorrhage in the brain. In a client with hemorrhagic stroke, dexamethasone may be used to decrease cerebral edema and pressure; methyldopa, to reduce blood pressure; and phenytoin, to prevent seizures. A client with a history of atrial arrhythmia is receiving propranolol (Inderal), 10 mg by mouth three times per day. The nurse knows that propranolol inhibits the action of sympathomimetics ﾧ at beta1-receptor sites. Where are these sites mainly located? Heart RATIONALES: Beta1-receptor sites are mainly located in the heart. Beta2-receptor sites are located in the uterus, blood vessels, and bronchi. A client is evaluated for hypertension. The physician prescribes atenolol (Tenormin), 50 mg by mouth daily. Atenolol should have which therapeutic effect on the client? Decreased cardiac output and systolic and diastolic blood pressure RATIONALES: As a long-acting, selective beta1 blocker, atenolol decreases cardiac output ﾧ and systolic and diastolic blood pressure; however, like other beta-adrenergic blocking agents, it increases peripheral vascular resistance at rest and with exercise. Atenolol may cause bradycardia ﾧ, not tachycardia ﾧ. After experiencing a transient ischemic attack (TIA), a client is prescribed aspirin, 325 mg by mouth daily. The nurse should teach the client that this medication has been prescribed to: reduce platelet agglutination. RATIONALES: TIAs are considered forerunners of stroke ﾧ. Because a stroke may result from a clot in a cerebral vessel, aspirin is prescribed to prevent clot formation by reducing platelet agglutination. A 325-mg dose of aspirin is inadequate to relieve headache pain in an adult. Aspirin has no effect on the body's 1