AQA A Level Psychology 2024 Paper 2 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
1. Describe the ego and superego according to the psychodynamic approach. (4) - ✔✔✔-
According to the psychodynamic approach the ego develops at the age of 2 and balances the
desires of the impulsive id and demands of the superego.
The super ego is formed at the age of 5 within the phallic stage of development.
It is our sense of what is right or wrong. It represents the morality and punishes the ego for
anything wrong through guilt.
2. Outline Wundts method of introspection. (4) - ✔✔✔-Wundt method of introspection
involves presenting a stimuli to participants and allowing them to explain their own thoughts/
feelings and sensations about the stimuli.
This aims to produce objective data.
3. Outline one example of how neurochemistry influences behaviour. (3) - ✔✔✔-An example is
dopamine.
Dopamine is a excitatory neurotransmitter which travels from presynaptic neurone to post
synaptic neurone through synapses.
High levels of dopamine can cause impulsive behaviour and conditions such as OCD and
schizophrenia.
4. Explain why a humanistic psychologist would suggest that Karishma is not displaying
congruence. (2) - ✔✔✔-Karishmas self concept is unmatched to her ideal self. Even though she
has high grades, she has a low self esteem which distorts her self concept of how intelligent she
actually is.
5. Explain how a humanistic psychologist might help Karishma to achieve congruence. (3) -
✔✔✔-Karishma can undergo client centred therapy developed by Roger's.
This therapy involves providing the unconditional positive regard the client did not get as they
were growing up.
, AQA A Level Psychology 2024 Paper 2 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
The psychologist can provide genuineness, empathy and an unconditional positive regard to
help build her esteem.
6. Compare operant conditioning with social learning. (8) - ✔✔✔-Operant conditioning is the
based on the reinforcement of an action or how often a behaviour is repeated due to its
outcome.
Positive reinforcement makes a behaviour more likely as the action is associated with a reward.
Negative reinforcement makes a behaviour more likely as the action is associated with reducing
an unwanted consequence.
Social Learning Theory assumes that people learn by observing behaviour and through
conditioning.
This theory is based upon observation and imitation of role models.
There are live models such as teachers, parents and symbolic models such as celebrities.
These models often relate with the individual which is called identification.
Vicarious reinforcement shows that an individual observing a model being rewarded for a
behaviour, they are more likely to imitate expecting the same reward. Highlighting experiences
are not required to learn.
7. Which of the following statements about the fight or flight response are FALSE?
Shade two boxes only
The fight or flight response involves:
A. A decrease in the release of adrenaline.
B. An increase in the rate of respiration.
Solved
1. Describe the ego and superego according to the psychodynamic approach. (4) - ✔✔✔-
According to the psychodynamic approach the ego develops at the age of 2 and balances the
desires of the impulsive id and demands of the superego.
The super ego is formed at the age of 5 within the phallic stage of development.
It is our sense of what is right or wrong. It represents the morality and punishes the ego for
anything wrong through guilt.
2. Outline Wundts method of introspection. (4) - ✔✔✔-Wundt method of introspection
involves presenting a stimuli to participants and allowing them to explain their own thoughts/
feelings and sensations about the stimuli.
This aims to produce objective data.
3. Outline one example of how neurochemistry influences behaviour. (3) - ✔✔✔-An example is
dopamine.
Dopamine is a excitatory neurotransmitter which travels from presynaptic neurone to post
synaptic neurone through synapses.
High levels of dopamine can cause impulsive behaviour and conditions such as OCD and
schizophrenia.
4. Explain why a humanistic psychologist would suggest that Karishma is not displaying
congruence. (2) - ✔✔✔-Karishmas self concept is unmatched to her ideal self. Even though she
has high grades, she has a low self esteem which distorts her self concept of how intelligent she
actually is.
5. Explain how a humanistic psychologist might help Karishma to achieve congruence. (3) -
✔✔✔-Karishma can undergo client centred therapy developed by Roger's.
This therapy involves providing the unconditional positive regard the client did not get as they
were growing up.
, AQA A Level Psychology 2024 Paper 2 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
The psychologist can provide genuineness, empathy and an unconditional positive regard to
help build her esteem.
6. Compare operant conditioning with social learning. (8) - ✔✔✔-Operant conditioning is the
based on the reinforcement of an action or how often a behaviour is repeated due to its
outcome.
Positive reinforcement makes a behaviour more likely as the action is associated with a reward.
Negative reinforcement makes a behaviour more likely as the action is associated with reducing
an unwanted consequence.
Social Learning Theory assumes that people learn by observing behaviour and through
conditioning.
This theory is based upon observation and imitation of role models.
There are live models such as teachers, parents and symbolic models such as celebrities.
These models often relate with the individual which is called identification.
Vicarious reinforcement shows that an individual observing a model being rewarded for a
behaviour, they are more likely to imitate expecting the same reward. Highlighting experiences
are not required to learn.
7. Which of the following statements about the fight or flight response are FALSE?
Shade two boxes only
The fight or flight response involves:
A. A decrease in the release of adrenaline.
B. An increase in the rate of respiration.
