NSG 520 COMPILED CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 COMPLETE REVIEW
GRADED A+
⩥ senile atrophy.
Answer: chronic ischemia from decrease in blood to brain
⩥ denervation atrophy.
Answer: peripheral neuropathies, less ER, less mitochondria, less
myofilaments
⩥ physiologic hypertrophy.
Answer: increased demand, stimulated by hormones ex: Runner's heart
⩥ pathologic hypertrophy.
Answer: chronic hemodynamic overload from hypertension
⩥ compensatory hyperplasia.
Answer: enables organs to regenerate
⩥ hormonal hyperplasia.
Answer: estrogen dependent organs
,⩥ most common forms of cell injury.
Answer: - ischemic and hypoxic
- ischemia-reperfusion
- oxidative stress
- chemical
⩥ reperfusion injury.
Answer: restoration of blood flow to recovering cells, reactive oxygen
intermediates damages myocytes
⩥ antioxidants.
Answer: inhibit oxidation of other molecules, prevent free radicals
⩥ endogenous antioxidants.
Answer: - alpha lipoic acid
- catalase
- CoQ10
⩥ exogenous antioxidants.
Answer: vitamin C
, ⩥ empirical risks.
Answer: based on direct observation of data
⩥ a1- Antitrypsin deficiency.
Answer: develop lung disease and liver cirrhosis
⩥ dosage calc for dry pills.
Answer: want/have
⩥ dosage calc for liquid doses.
Answer: want/have x liquid
⩥ symbiosis.
Answer: + for human, no harm to micro
⩥ mutualism.
Answer: + for human and micro
⩥ commensalism.
Answer: + micro, no harm to human
⩥ pathogenicity.
EVALUATION 2026 COMPLETE REVIEW
GRADED A+
⩥ senile atrophy.
Answer: chronic ischemia from decrease in blood to brain
⩥ denervation atrophy.
Answer: peripheral neuropathies, less ER, less mitochondria, less
myofilaments
⩥ physiologic hypertrophy.
Answer: increased demand, stimulated by hormones ex: Runner's heart
⩥ pathologic hypertrophy.
Answer: chronic hemodynamic overload from hypertension
⩥ compensatory hyperplasia.
Answer: enables organs to regenerate
⩥ hormonal hyperplasia.
Answer: estrogen dependent organs
,⩥ most common forms of cell injury.
Answer: - ischemic and hypoxic
- ischemia-reperfusion
- oxidative stress
- chemical
⩥ reperfusion injury.
Answer: restoration of blood flow to recovering cells, reactive oxygen
intermediates damages myocytes
⩥ antioxidants.
Answer: inhibit oxidation of other molecules, prevent free radicals
⩥ endogenous antioxidants.
Answer: - alpha lipoic acid
- catalase
- CoQ10
⩥ exogenous antioxidants.
Answer: vitamin C
, ⩥ empirical risks.
Answer: based on direct observation of data
⩥ a1- Antitrypsin deficiency.
Answer: develop lung disease and liver cirrhosis
⩥ dosage calc for dry pills.
Answer: want/have
⩥ dosage calc for liquid doses.
Answer: want/have x liquid
⩥ symbiosis.
Answer: + for human, no harm to micro
⩥ mutualism.
Answer: + for human and micro
⩥ commensalism.
Answer: + micro, no harm to human
⩥ pathogenicity.
