CAPSTONE FUNDAMENTALS
2025 – 50 PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
ANSWERS
These practice questions are based on common
nursing fundamentals topics tested in ATI/NCLEX-
style Capstone assessments, including safety,
infection control, mobility, communication,
nutrition, pharmacology basics, and prioritization.
1. A nurse is caring for a client with dysphagia. Which intervention is appropriate?
A. Place food on the unaffected side of mouth
B. Keep client flat after meals
C. Offer thin liquids only
D. Limit swallowing time
Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with dysphagia should place food on the stronger side of the mouth to
reduce aspiration risk.
2. A client’s IV site is red, warm, and painful. What should the nurse do first?
A. Slow infusion
B. Apply pressure dressing
C. Discontinue IV
D. Flush catheter
, Answer: C
Rationale: Redness, warmth, and pain indicate phlebitis or infiltration. Stop the infusion
immediately.
3. Which action should the nurse perform first during abdominal assessment?
A. Percussion
B. Palpation
C. Auscultation
D. Inspection
Answer: D
Rationale: Correct order: Inspection → Auscultation → Percussion → Palpation.
4. A nurse teaches about active immunity. Which statement is correct?
A. “Antibodies are received from another source.”
B. “The body produces antibodies after exposure.”
C. “Immunity lasts only hours.”
D. “Vaccines provide passive immunity.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Active immunity occurs when the body produces its own antibodies after exposure
or vaccination.
5. Which BMI indicates overweight status?
A. 18.5
B. 22
C. 25
D. 17
Answer: C
Rationale: BMI 25–29.9 indicates overweight.
6. Gastric aspirate pH indicating proper NG tube placement is:
A. 2
B. 6
2025 – 50 PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
ANSWERS
These practice questions are based on common
nursing fundamentals topics tested in ATI/NCLEX-
style Capstone assessments, including safety,
infection control, mobility, communication,
nutrition, pharmacology basics, and prioritization.
1. A nurse is caring for a client with dysphagia. Which intervention is appropriate?
A. Place food on the unaffected side of mouth
B. Keep client flat after meals
C. Offer thin liquids only
D. Limit swallowing time
Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with dysphagia should place food on the stronger side of the mouth to
reduce aspiration risk.
2. A client’s IV site is red, warm, and painful. What should the nurse do first?
A. Slow infusion
B. Apply pressure dressing
C. Discontinue IV
D. Flush catheter
, Answer: C
Rationale: Redness, warmth, and pain indicate phlebitis or infiltration. Stop the infusion
immediately.
3. Which action should the nurse perform first during abdominal assessment?
A. Percussion
B. Palpation
C. Auscultation
D. Inspection
Answer: D
Rationale: Correct order: Inspection → Auscultation → Percussion → Palpation.
4. A nurse teaches about active immunity. Which statement is correct?
A. “Antibodies are received from another source.”
B. “The body produces antibodies after exposure.”
C. “Immunity lasts only hours.”
D. “Vaccines provide passive immunity.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Active immunity occurs when the body produces its own antibodies after exposure
or vaccination.
5. Which BMI indicates overweight status?
A. 18.5
B. 22
C. 25
D. 17
Answer: C
Rationale: BMI 25–29.9 indicates overweight.
6. Gastric aspirate pH indicating proper NG tube placement is:
A. 2
B. 6
