Sport Psychology Comprehensive Written Exam with all
Correct & 100% Verified Answers |Latest Version |
Already Graded A+
Sport Psychology Organizations* ✔Correct Answer--International Society of Sport Psychology
(ISSP)
-The Canadian Society for Psychomotor Learning and -Sport Psychology (SCAPPS)
-Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP)
-American Psychological Association (APA), Div 47 (Exercise & Sport Psychology)
Cognitive Appraisal (Lazarus)* ✔Correct Answer-The athlete interprets or appraises his/her
surroundings (the situation).
This appraisal involves what's called primary and secondary appraisal (terms used by Lazarus,
1966 and Lazarus and Folkman, 1984).
The athlete would make a judgment/interpretation about whether the situation is negative or
positive and whether or not he/she should be concerned. They would probably perceive it to be
a threat if there is an imbalance between the demand (stressor) and the perceived coping
abilities.
In the model of Lazarus Cognitive appraisal, what is the secondary appraisal affected by?
✔Correct Answer--Goal level
-Perceived importance
-Perceived task difficulty
-Perceived coping skills
Cognitive Appraisal Origination* ✔Correct Answer-Much of work on cognitive appraisal has
come from Lazarus' work on stress (1966) and Lazarus and Folkman's work on stress and coping
(1984).
"...while stress is an inevitable aspect of the human condition, it is coping that makes the big
difference in adaptational outcome" (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984, p.6).
Using the Transactional Model of Lazarus and Folkman (1984) stress and subsequent coping can
be viewed as a process.
When in any given objective situation a person evaluates the potential threat through primary
appraisal.
The situation is called 'objective' because most situations in life are objective until they are
perceived, judged and interpreted, in addition all situations are potential stressors.
Primary appraisal is a person's judgment about the significance of an event.
It may be viewed as positive, exciting, controllable, or stressful, challenging, not controllable or
completely irrelevant.
If the situation is viewed to be relevant and needs some sort of reaction from the indi
,Attribution Theory* ✔Correct Answer-the theory that we explain someone's behavior by
crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
cognitive appraisal* ✔Correct Answer-refers to the personal interpretation of a situation that
ultimately influences the extent to which the situation is perceived as stressful.
Bruce Ogilvie ✔Correct Answer-Father of Applied Sport Psychology
Norman Triplett ✔Correct Answer-First person to do an experiment in sport psychology
Colemann Griffith ✔Correct Answer-Father of American Sport Psychology
Applied Sport Psychology ✔Correct Answer-Helping athletes and coaches to learn how to
control the way that they think, feel and act in order to help them reach their potential in sport.
Mental Skills Consultant Roles ✔Correct Answer--Teaching performance enhancement
techniques
-Researching the reasons why athletes behave as they do
-Teaching students to become sport psychology consultant
Sport Psychologist Roles ✔Correct Answer--Teaching performance enhancement techniques
-Researching the reasons why athletes behave as they do
-Doing clinical or counseling work with athletes
AASP ✔Correct Answer-Association for Applied Sport Psychology
Psychodynamic Model (Freud) ✔Correct Answer-systemized study and theory of psychological
forces that underlie human behavior, emphasizing the inter play between unconscious and
conscious motivation and the functions.
Behavioral Model (Pavlov, Skinner, Watson, Thorndike) ✔Correct Answer-a conceptualization
of psychological disorders in terms of overt behavior patterns produced by learning and the
influence of reinforcement contingencies. Treatment techniques, including systematic
desensitization and modeling, focus on modifying ineffective or maladaptive patterns.
Cognitive Model (Beck) ✔Correct Answer-describes how people's perceptions of, or
spontaneous thoughts about, situations influence their emotional, behavioral (and often
physiological) reactions. ... These distorted beliefs influence their processing of information, and
give rise to their distorted thoughts.
The Humanistic Model (Rogers) ✔Correct Answer-s a perspective that emphasizes looking at
the whole individual and stresses concepts such as free will, self-efficacy, and self-actualization.
Rather than concentrating on dysfunction, humanistic psychology strives to help people fulfill
their potential and maximize their well-being.
, Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) Model ✔Correct Answer-a psychological approach that
involves analyzing strategies used by successful individuals and applying them to reach a
personal goal. It relates thoughts, language, and patterns of behavior learned through
experience to specific outcomes.
Cognitive Behavioral Model (Ellis) ✔Correct Answer-Most popular model in sport psychology.
is about helping athletes and coaches to learn how to control the way that they think, feel and
act in order to help them reach their potential in sport and enjoy their sport better.
Confidence Definition ✔Correct Answer-Belief that you can successfully perform a desired
behavior
Trait Self-Confidence vs State Self-Confidence (Vealey) ✔Correct Answer-Trait Self-Confidence
represents the perceptions that individuals usually possess about their ability to be successful in
sport; State Self-Confidence represents the perceptions individuals have at a particular moment
about their ability to be successful in sport.
Self-Efficacy Theory (Albert Bandura) ✔Correct Answer-a personal judgment of "how well one
can execute courses of action required to deal with prospective situations".
Sources of Self-Efficacy ✔Correct Answer-Mastery experiences (imaginal experiences);
Vicarious experiences;
Verbal persuasion;
Emotional and Physiological states
Ways to improve confidence? ✔Correct Answer-Think confidently;
Act confidently;
Imagery
Trait Anxiety vs. State Anxiety ✔Correct Answer-Trait Anxiety - Predisposition to anxiety, not a
guarantee, doesn't
(People who are high in trait anxiety will tend to react to more situations with higher levels of
state anxiety.) VS. State Anxiety - environmental, situation based anxiety (changes over time)
Somatic Anxiety and Cognitive Anxiety ✔Correct Answer-Somatic anxiety-the moment-to-
moment perceptions of physiological symptoms
increased heart rate, sweaty palms, butterflies in the stomach, nausea, feeling shaky, etc.
Cognitive anxiety- moment-to-moment negative thoughts and distractions that occur as a
consequence of elevated anxiety
negative thoughts, doubt, worry, poor concentration, etc.
Correct & 100% Verified Answers |Latest Version |
Already Graded A+
Sport Psychology Organizations* ✔Correct Answer--International Society of Sport Psychology
(ISSP)
-The Canadian Society for Psychomotor Learning and -Sport Psychology (SCAPPS)
-Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP)
-American Psychological Association (APA), Div 47 (Exercise & Sport Psychology)
Cognitive Appraisal (Lazarus)* ✔Correct Answer-The athlete interprets or appraises his/her
surroundings (the situation).
This appraisal involves what's called primary and secondary appraisal (terms used by Lazarus,
1966 and Lazarus and Folkman, 1984).
The athlete would make a judgment/interpretation about whether the situation is negative or
positive and whether or not he/she should be concerned. They would probably perceive it to be
a threat if there is an imbalance between the demand (stressor) and the perceived coping
abilities.
In the model of Lazarus Cognitive appraisal, what is the secondary appraisal affected by?
✔Correct Answer--Goal level
-Perceived importance
-Perceived task difficulty
-Perceived coping skills
Cognitive Appraisal Origination* ✔Correct Answer-Much of work on cognitive appraisal has
come from Lazarus' work on stress (1966) and Lazarus and Folkman's work on stress and coping
(1984).
"...while stress is an inevitable aspect of the human condition, it is coping that makes the big
difference in adaptational outcome" (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984, p.6).
Using the Transactional Model of Lazarus and Folkman (1984) stress and subsequent coping can
be viewed as a process.
When in any given objective situation a person evaluates the potential threat through primary
appraisal.
The situation is called 'objective' because most situations in life are objective until they are
perceived, judged and interpreted, in addition all situations are potential stressors.
Primary appraisal is a person's judgment about the significance of an event.
It may be viewed as positive, exciting, controllable, or stressful, challenging, not controllable or
completely irrelevant.
If the situation is viewed to be relevant and needs some sort of reaction from the indi
,Attribution Theory* ✔Correct Answer-the theory that we explain someone's behavior by
crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
cognitive appraisal* ✔Correct Answer-refers to the personal interpretation of a situation that
ultimately influences the extent to which the situation is perceived as stressful.
Bruce Ogilvie ✔Correct Answer-Father of Applied Sport Psychology
Norman Triplett ✔Correct Answer-First person to do an experiment in sport psychology
Colemann Griffith ✔Correct Answer-Father of American Sport Psychology
Applied Sport Psychology ✔Correct Answer-Helping athletes and coaches to learn how to
control the way that they think, feel and act in order to help them reach their potential in sport.
Mental Skills Consultant Roles ✔Correct Answer--Teaching performance enhancement
techniques
-Researching the reasons why athletes behave as they do
-Teaching students to become sport psychology consultant
Sport Psychologist Roles ✔Correct Answer--Teaching performance enhancement techniques
-Researching the reasons why athletes behave as they do
-Doing clinical or counseling work with athletes
AASP ✔Correct Answer-Association for Applied Sport Psychology
Psychodynamic Model (Freud) ✔Correct Answer-systemized study and theory of psychological
forces that underlie human behavior, emphasizing the inter play between unconscious and
conscious motivation and the functions.
Behavioral Model (Pavlov, Skinner, Watson, Thorndike) ✔Correct Answer-a conceptualization
of psychological disorders in terms of overt behavior patterns produced by learning and the
influence of reinforcement contingencies. Treatment techniques, including systematic
desensitization and modeling, focus on modifying ineffective or maladaptive patterns.
Cognitive Model (Beck) ✔Correct Answer-describes how people's perceptions of, or
spontaneous thoughts about, situations influence their emotional, behavioral (and often
physiological) reactions. ... These distorted beliefs influence their processing of information, and
give rise to their distorted thoughts.
The Humanistic Model (Rogers) ✔Correct Answer-s a perspective that emphasizes looking at
the whole individual and stresses concepts such as free will, self-efficacy, and self-actualization.
Rather than concentrating on dysfunction, humanistic psychology strives to help people fulfill
their potential and maximize their well-being.
, Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) Model ✔Correct Answer-a psychological approach that
involves analyzing strategies used by successful individuals and applying them to reach a
personal goal. It relates thoughts, language, and patterns of behavior learned through
experience to specific outcomes.
Cognitive Behavioral Model (Ellis) ✔Correct Answer-Most popular model in sport psychology.
is about helping athletes and coaches to learn how to control the way that they think, feel and
act in order to help them reach their potential in sport and enjoy their sport better.
Confidence Definition ✔Correct Answer-Belief that you can successfully perform a desired
behavior
Trait Self-Confidence vs State Self-Confidence (Vealey) ✔Correct Answer-Trait Self-Confidence
represents the perceptions that individuals usually possess about their ability to be successful in
sport; State Self-Confidence represents the perceptions individuals have at a particular moment
about their ability to be successful in sport.
Self-Efficacy Theory (Albert Bandura) ✔Correct Answer-a personal judgment of "how well one
can execute courses of action required to deal with prospective situations".
Sources of Self-Efficacy ✔Correct Answer-Mastery experiences (imaginal experiences);
Vicarious experiences;
Verbal persuasion;
Emotional and Physiological states
Ways to improve confidence? ✔Correct Answer-Think confidently;
Act confidently;
Imagery
Trait Anxiety vs. State Anxiety ✔Correct Answer-Trait Anxiety - Predisposition to anxiety, not a
guarantee, doesn't
(People who are high in trait anxiety will tend to react to more situations with higher levels of
state anxiety.) VS. State Anxiety - environmental, situation based anxiety (changes over time)
Somatic Anxiety and Cognitive Anxiety ✔Correct Answer-Somatic anxiety-the moment-to-
moment perceptions of physiological symptoms
increased heart rate, sweaty palms, butterflies in the stomach, nausea, feeling shaky, etc.
Cognitive anxiety- moment-to-moment negative thoughts and distractions that occur as a
consequence of elevated anxiety
negative thoughts, doubt, worry, poor concentration, etc.
