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1. drive theory as an individuals arousal levels increases, performance will also increase
linearly
2. Inverted U arousal facilitates performance up to an optimal level, beyond which
theo- ry
further increases in arousal are associated with reduced
3. Individual performance
Zones of
Optimal Func- This theory states that the optimal level of intensity may vary, raining from
tioning (IZOF)
very low to very high for ditterent individuals, and that a multitude of
4. Cusp Catastro- inter-individual ditterences exist across athletes and settings
phe Model
Describes the interactive ettects of cognitive anxiety and physiological
arousal on performance
3-dimensional modal
5. multidimension- Low levels of cog. anxiety = inverted U pattern
al anxiety Under low levels of cognitive anxiety, physiological arousal is expected to
theory
enhance performance up to a critical point or threshold
Cognitive anxiety is negatively related to performance.
Somatic anxiety is related to performance in an inverted-U pattern.
Increases in self-confidence allow for increases in performance
6. State Anxiety temporary feeling of anxiety elicited by a threatening situation
7. Trait Anxiety anxiety based personality disposition that is stable over time
8. Transtheoretica 1. Precontemplation - Unaware/uninformed, "No"
l Model of
Change 2. Contemplation - Weighing pros & cons, "maybe"
(Advantages must outweigh temptation to abandon Bx
change)
3. Preparation - Planning, goals, timelines "Plan"
4. Action - Implementation, Bx modifications, "Do"
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5. Maintenance - Bx change
happens in daily life, "Keep
going"
6. Termination - Self-eflcacy,
no temptation to relapse
"Done"
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9. Solution- Consultants act as facilitators to guide clients away from problem talk to
Based Brief
Therapy solution talk—moving into a solution-oriented conversation.
Create solutions and revise their life stories in a positive, timely, and eflcient
fashion. Little attention is given to the client's background or to
diagnosis.
The miracle question opens the door to the client's possibilities for
10. cognitive therapy. It does this by simply asking them to consider what an
behav- ioral alternate reality might look like - one in which things are ditterent,
therapy
better, and problems are resolved.
Structured, time-limited, problem-focused, and goal-oriented form of talk
therapy that helps clients learn to identify, question, and change how
their thoughts, attitudes, and beliefs relate to emotional and behavioral
reactions that cause them diflculty.
Relaxation training (including progressive muscle relaxation, meditation,
and breathing retraining)
Exposure therapy (imaginal or in vivo exposure, including flooding and
implosive therapy)
Behavior rehearsal (behavioral training in social skills, habit reversal, or
11. rational-
emotive problem solving)
behavior Cognitive restructuring (including direct strategies to identify and alter
therapy (REBT)
maladap- tive thought processes)
Operant procedures (manipulation of reinforcers or punishers,
including behav- ioral activation)
cognitive-behavioral therapy in which clients are directly challenged in their
irra- tional beliefs and helped to restructure their thinking into more
rational belief statements
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ABC framework, A- Activating
agent, B- irrational belief, C-
Consequences
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