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seizure - Answer: excessive or abnormal, sudden, high frequency
discharge of the brain's neurons, with or without clinical motor
manifestations
, causes of seizure - Answer: an imbalance of excitatory (glutamate) and
inhibitory (GABA) NT and/or abnormal ionic exchange at neuronal
membrane
epilepsy - Answer: the occurrence of at least 2 unprovoked SZ with at
least a 24 hr separation between them, SZ are the manifestation of
epilepsy BUT not all patients with SZ have epilepsy
unprovoked SZ (primary, idiopathic) - Answer: singly or multiple SZ
occurring within 24 hours with return of consciousness to baseline
function between seizures
provoked SZ (secondary) - Answer: caused by identifiable transient
disturbance: organ failure, electrolyte imbalance, medications or
medication withdrawal, encephalopathy (ischemia, hypoxic)
febrile seizure - Answer: occur b/w 3 mon and 5 yr of age, associated
with fever but without evidence of intracranial infection or defined
cause, usually viral illness, simple- generalized and less than 15 min,
complex- prolonged and 2+ in 24 hr and focal, 1/3 have recurrent,
slightly higher incidence of epilespy (complex)
partial SZ - Answer: SZ activity begins in focal or restricted part of
cortex, simple- no LOC, complex- LOC