Module 1 BIOD 101-BIOD101 (NEW 2025- 2026 Update) Essential Biology W Lab
Questions & Answers Grade A 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)- Portage
Learning.
Module 1: Chemistry of Life & Macromolecules
1. Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?
A) Atom
B) Molecule
C) Cell
D) Tissue
Answer: C) Cell
Rationale: Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life; atoms and
molecules are not alive, and tissues are groups of cells.
2. What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?
A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Van der Waals interaction
,Answer: C) Covalent bond
Rationale: Covalent bonds involve electron sharing between atoms; ionic bonds
involve electron transfer.
3. Water’s high specific heat is primarily due to:
A) Covalent bonds
B) Hydrogen bonds
C) Ionic bonds
D) Hydrophobic interactions
Answer: B) Hydrogen bonds
Rationale: Hydrogen bonds absorb heat when broken and release heat when
formed, stabilizing temperature.
4. Which pH value is most acidic?
A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10
,Answer: A) 2
Rationale: Lower pH = higher H⁺ concentration = more acidic.
5. Which macromolecule is the primary energy storage in animals?
A) Starch
B) Cellulose
C) Glycogen
D) Chitin
Answer: C) Glycogen
Rationale: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals; starch is for plants.
6. The monomer of proteins is:
A) Nucleotide
B) Monosaccharide
C) Amino acid
D) Fatty acid
, Answer: C) Amino acid
Rationale: Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
7. Which lipid is amphipathic (both hydrophilic and hydrophobic)?
A) Triglyceride
B) Cholesterol
C) Phospholipid
D) Steroid
Answer: C) Phospholipid
Rationale: Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails, forming
bilayers.
8. Saturated fatty acids have:
A) Double bonds between carbons
B) Only single bonds between carbons
C) Kinks in their structure
D) Lower melting points than unsaturated
Questions & Answers Grade A 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)- Portage
Learning.
Module 1: Chemistry of Life & Macromolecules
1. Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?
A) Atom
B) Molecule
C) Cell
D) Tissue
Answer: C) Cell
Rationale: Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life; atoms and
molecules are not alive, and tissues are groups of cells.
2. What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?
A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Van der Waals interaction
,Answer: C) Covalent bond
Rationale: Covalent bonds involve electron sharing between atoms; ionic bonds
involve electron transfer.
3. Water’s high specific heat is primarily due to:
A) Covalent bonds
B) Hydrogen bonds
C) Ionic bonds
D) Hydrophobic interactions
Answer: B) Hydrogen bonds
Rationale: Hydrogen bonds absorb heat when broken and release heat when
formed, stabilizing temperature.
4. Which pH value is most acidic?
A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10
,Answer: A) 2
Rationale: Lower pH = higher H⁺ concentration = more acidic.
5. Which macromolecule is the primary energy storage in animals?
A) Starch
B) Cellulose
C) Glycogen
D) Chitin
Answer: C) Glycogen
Rationale: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals; starch is for plants.
6. The monomer of proteins is:
A) Nucleotide
B) Monosaccharide
C) Amino acid
D) Fatty acid
, Answer: C) Amino acid
Rationale: Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
7. Which lipid is amphipathic (both hydrophilic and hydrophobic)?
A) Triglyceride
B) Cholesterol
C) Phospholipid
D) Steroid
Answer: C) Phospholipid
Rationale: Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails, forming
bilayers.
8. Saturated fatty acids have:
A) Double bonds between carbons
B) Only single bonds between carbons
C) Kinks in their structure
D) Lower melting points than unsaturated
