Nurs 115 Final exam: Neuro,
electrolytes, ventilation, and Acid base
liberty university Questions and All
Correct Answers.
What factors determine the water weight? - Answer Infants have greater water weight
Women have lower water weight
Obese people have lower water weight
After age 60 water content drops to about 45%
Skin is _______ so it snaps right back - Answer Elastic
Why would skin elasticity to go down? - Answer Decrease in interstitial fluid
What is ECF? - Answer Extracellular fluid
Fluid outside of the cell
Either interstitial (in between tissues) or intravascular (within the vessel)
What is ICF? - Answer Intracellular fluid
Fluid within or inside the cell
What is the average water weight for young males?
What is the average water weight for young females? - Answer For males it is 60%
For females it is 50%
What electrolytes are considered cations?
What type of charge does a cation have? - Answer Sodium, potassium, calcium, and
magnesium are cations
Cations have positive charges
What electrolytes are considered anions?
What type of charge does a anion have? - Answer Chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate are
anions
Anions have a negative charge
,What electrolytes are ICF? ECF? - Answer IntraCF electrolytes - (2+/1-) - generally smaller
numbers -
• Potassium - K+ permeates cell membranes
• Phosphate - P- (aka phosphate)
• Magnesium - Mg+
ExtraCF electrolytes - (2+/2-) (generally larger numbers
• Sodium - Na+
• Chloride - Cl-
• Calcium - Ca+
• Bicarbonate - HCO3
Osmolality measures ______
Osmolarity measures _______ - Answer Kilograms
Liters
What are the normal levels of sodium in the blood? - Answer 135 - 145 mEq/L
What is the main ECF cation? - Answer Na+
What does sodium do for you? - Answer Controls body water distribution and governs
osmolarity (solute to water ratio)
Controls water distribution by osmosis
Facilitates transmission of nerve and muscle impulses through NA-K pump
Regulates the acid base balance.
How much sodium do you need to consume each day? - Answer 2 grams (2000 mg)
What electrolyte is the main ICF cation? - Answer Potassium
What are the normal potassium levels? - Answer 3.5-5 mEq/L
What does potassium do for you? - Answer Regulates cell excitability
Permeates cell membranes, affecting the cell;s electrical status
Helps control ICF osmolality
, How do you get potassium and how much do you need daily? - Answer You need 40 mEq
daily And you get it in bananas, oranges, strawberries, and potato skins
What are the steps that occur when you have a water gain? - Answer Decreased Na+ (water
gain)
↓
Serum osmolality falls
↓
Thirst diminishes, decrease in water intake
↓
ADH is suppressed
↓
Renal excretion increases
What are the steps that occur when you have a water loss? - Answer Increased Na+
concentration (water loss)
↓
Rise in serum osmolality
↓
Thirst increases, drink more water
↓
ADH release increases
↓
Renal excretion decreases
Is more water weight in ICF or ECF? - Answer 2/3 of water weight is ICF
What are the normal levels of calcium? - Answer 8.5-10.5 mg/dl
Where do you find calcium in the body? - Answer 99% is in the teeth and bones
The other 1% is in both the ECF and ICF and in cell membranes
What is the function of calcium in the body? - Answer Helps muscles contract
- Increases skeletal muscle contraction
- Increases cardiac muscle contraction
- Regulates nerve impulse transmissions
electrolytes, ventilation, and Acid base
liberty university Questions and All
Correct Answers.
What factors determine the water weight? - Answer Infants have greater water weight
Women have lower water weight
Obese people have lower water weight
After age 60 water content drops to about 45%
Skin is _______ so it snaps right back - Answer Elastic
Why would skin elasticity to go down? - Answer Decrease in interstitial fluid
What is ECF? - Answer Extracellular fluid
Fluid outside of the cell
Either interstitial (in between tissues) or intravascular (within the vessel)
What is ICF? - Answer Intracellular fluid
Fluid within or inside the cell
What is the average water weight for young males?
What is the average water weight for young females? - Answer For males it is 60%
For females it is 50%
What electrolytes are considered cations?
What type of charge does a cation have? - Answer Sodium, potassium, calcium, and
magnesium are cations
Cations have positive charges
What electrolytes are considered anions?
What type of charge does a anion have? - Answer Chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate are
anions
Anions have a negative charge
,What electrolytes are ICF? ECF? - Answer IntraCF electrolytes - (2+/1-) - generally smaller
numbers -
• Potassium - K+ permeates cell membranes
• Phosphate - P- (aka phosphate)
• Magnesium - Mg+
ExtraCF electrolytes - (2+/2-) (generally larger numbers
• Sodium - Na+
• Chloride - Cl-
• Calcium - Ca+
• Bicarbonate - HCO3
Osmolality measures ______
Osmolarity measures _______ - Answer Kilograms
Liters
What are the normal levels of sodium in the blood? - Answer 135 - 145 mEq/L
What is the main ECF cation? - Answer Na+
What does sodium do for you? - Answer Controls body water distribution and governs
osmolarity (solute to water ratio)
Controls water distribution by osmosis
Facilitates transmission of nerve and muscle impulses through NA-K pump
Regulates the acid base balance.
How much sodium do you need to consume each day? - Answer 2 grams (2000 mg)
What electrolyte is the main ICF cation? - Answer Potassium
What are the normal potassium levels? - Answer 3.5-5 mEq/L
What does potassium do for you? - Answer Regulates cell excitability
Permeates cell membranes, affecting the cell;s electrical status
Helps control ICF osmolality
, How do you get potassium and how much do you need daily? - Answer You need 40 mEq
daily And you get it in bananas, oranges, strawberries, and potato skins
What are the steps that occur when you have a water gain? - Answer Decreased Na+ (water
gain)
↓
Serum osmolality falls
↓
Thirst diminishes, decrease in water intake
↓
ADH is suppressed
↓
Renal excretion increases
What are the steps that occur when you have a water loss? - Answer Increased Na+
concentration (water loss)
↓
Rise in serum osmolality
↓
Thirst increases, drink more water
↓
ADH release increases
↓
Renal excretion decreases
Is more water weight in ICF or ECF? - Answer 2/3 of water weight is ICF
What are the normal levels of calcium? - Answer 8.5-10.5 mg/dl
Where do you find calcium in the body? - Answer 99% is in the teeth and bones
The other 1% is in both the ECF and ICF and in cell membranes
What is the function of calcium in the body? - Answer Helps muscles contract
- Increases skeletal muscle contraction
- Increases cardiac muscle contraction
- Regulates nerve impulse transmissions
