IPHY 2400 Exam 2 study guide
Questions and All Correct Answers.
Pulmonology - Answer study of the lungs
Upper respiratory infection - Answer A bacterial or viral infection of the upper respiratory
tract; a head cold
Asthma - Answer Hyperreactivity of the bronchi or bronchioles to an allergen or inhaled
substances
Bronchitis - Answer Acute or chronic infection or inflammation of the bronchi
Bronchiectasis - Answer Permanent enlargement and loss of elasticity in the bronchioles;
allows secretions to accumulate
Reactive airway disease - Answer Blanket term for conditions with reversible airway
narrowing and wheezing
Abnormal breath sounds (BS) - Answer Pleural friction rub; Crackles/Rales; Rhonchi; Stridor;
Wheezes
Pleural friction rub - Answer creaking or grating, due to inflammation of pleura
Crackles/Rales - Answer irregular crackling or bubbling, due to fluid or infection in the alveoli
Rhonchi - Answer humming, whistling, or snoring, due to mucus or foreign body obstruction
(FBO)
Stridor - Answer high-pitched crowing, due to edema or obstruction
Wheezes - Answer high-pitched whistling or squeaking, due to asthma attack or reaction
Atelectasis - Answer Collapse of all or part of the lung
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Answer Any type of chronic obstructive lung
disease, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
,Cystic fibrosis (CF) - Answer Inherited condition caused by a recessive gene; causes problems
with respiratory, digestive, and sweat secretions
Empyema - Answer Localized pus in the lung due to a bacterial infection
Influenza - Answer Respiratory infection caused by a virus
Legionnaires' disease - Answer Severe, sometimes fatal bacterial infection; starts with flulike
symptoms and progresses to sever pneumonia and liver and kidney degradation
Occupational lung disease - Answer Group of disease caused by constant workplace
exposure to inhaled particles
Lung cancer - Answer Most common among smokers when tar deposits in the lungs become
cancerous and spread
Pneumonia - Answer Infection of lobes of the lungs; fluid, white blood cells, and
microorganisms fill passages
Pulmonary edema - Answer Build up of fluid in the alveoli caused by left-sided heart failure,
chest wall trauma, or pneumonia.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) - Answer Severe, communicable viral illness that
can be fatal; associated with close contact and enclosed spaces.
Pulmonary embolism - Answer Traveling clot or fat globule that lodges in the lung, blocking
blood flow and causing shortness of breath (SOB); often occurs in patients on bedrest.
Tuberculosis (TB) - Answer Communicable disease that is caused by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Hemothorax - Answer Blood in the thoracic cavity, usually due to trauma
Pleural effusion - Answer Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural space due to
inflammation or infection
, Pleurisy (pleuritis) - Answer Inflammation or infection of the pleura that causes the two
pleural layers to rub against one another and create a pleural friction rub.
Pneumothorax - Answer Air in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse; usually the
result of penetrating trauma.
Apnea - Answer Absence of spontaneous respiration due to respiratory failure or arrest.
Bradypnea - Answer Abnormally slow rate of breathing due to brain damage or chemical
imbalance in the blood.
Dyspnea - Answer Abnormal, difficult, labored, or painful breathing.
Dyspnea on exertion occurs during activity in
patients with lung disease.
dys- = abnormal
-pnea = breathing
Orthopnea - Answer Difficulty breathing when lying supine; patient sleeps sitting up or semi-
upright.• orth/o- = straight
Tachypnea - Answer Abnormally fast rate of breathing due to lung disease.• tachy- = fast
Cough - Answer Protective mechanism to forcefully expel things from the lungs.
Expectoration is coughing up sputum.
ex- = away from
pector/o- = chest
-ation = process
Hemptysis is coughing up sputum that
contains blood.
hem/o- = blood
-ptysis = condition of coughing up
Anoxia - Answer Complete lack or severely decreased level of oxygen (O2) in arterial blood
and body tissues. Caused by choking, suffocating, drowning.
an- = without
ox/o- = oxygen
Questions and All Correct Answers.
Pulmonology - Answer study of the lungs
Upper respiratory infection - Answer A bacterial or viral infection of the upper respiratory
tract; a head cold
Asthma - Answer Hyperreactivity of the bronchi or bronchioles to an allergen or inhaled
substances
Bronchitis - Answer Acute or chronic infection or inflammation of the bronchi
Bronchiectasis - Answer Permanent enlargement and loss of elasticity in the bronchioles;
allows secretions to accumulate
Reactive airway disease - Answer Blanket term for conditions with reversible airway
narrowing and wheezing
Abnormal breath sounds (BS) - Answer Pleural friction rub; Crackles/Rales; Rhonchi; Stridor;
Wheezes
Pleural friction rub - Answer creaking or grating, due to inflammation of pleura
Crackles/Rales - Answer irregular crackling or bubbling, due to fluid or infection in the alveoli
Rhonchi - Answer humming, whistling, or snoring, due to mucus or foreign body obstruction
(FBO)
Stridor - Answer high-pitched crowing, due to edema or obstruction
Wheezes - Answer high-pitched whistling or squeaking, due to asthma attack or reaction
Atelectasis - Answer Collapse of all or part of the lung
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Answer Any type of chronic obstructive lung
disease, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
,Cystic fibrosis (CF) - Answer Inherited condition caused by a recessive gene; causes problems
with respiratory, digestive, and sweat secretions
Empyema - Answer Localized pus in the lung due to a bacterial infection
Influenza - Answer Respiratory infection caused by a virus
Legionnaires' disease - Answer Severe, sometimes fatal bacterial infection; starts with flulike
symptoms and progresses to sever pneumonia and liver and kidney degradation
Occupational lung disease - Answer Group of disease caused by constant workplace
exposure to inhaled particles
Lung cancer - Answer Most common among smokers when tar deposits in the lungs become
cancerous and spread
Pneumonia - Answer Infection of lobes of the lungs; fluid, white blood cells, and
microorganisms fill passages
Pulmonary edema - Answer Build up of fluid in the alveoli caused by left-sided heart failure,
chest wall trauma, or pneumonia.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) - Answer Severe, communicable viral illness that
can be fatal; associated with close contact and enclosed spaces.
Pulmonary embolism - Answer Traveling clot or fat globule that lodges in the lung, blocking
blood flow and causing shortness of breath (SOB); often occurs in patients on bedrest.
Tuberculosis (TB) - Answer Communicable disease that is caused by Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Hemothorax - Answer Blood in the thoracic cavity, usually due to trauma
Pleural effusion - Answer Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural space due to
inflammation or infection
, Pleurisy (pleuritis) - Answer Inflammation or infection of the pleura that causes the two
pleural layers to rub against one another and create a pleural friction rub.
Pneumothorax - Answer Air in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse; usually the
result of penetrating trauma.
Apnea - Answer Absence of spontaneous respiration due to respiratory failure or arrest.
Bradypnea - Answer Abnormally slow rate of breathing due to brain damage or chemical
imbalance in the blood.
Dyspnea - Answer Abnormal, difficult, labored, or painful breathing.
Dyspnea on exertion occurs during activity in
patients with lung disease.
dys- = abnormal
-pnea = breathing
Orthopnea - Answer Difficulty breathing when lying supine; patient sleeps sitting up or semi-
upright.• orth/o- = straight
Tachypnea - Answer Abnormally fast rate of breathing due to lung disease.• tachy- = fast
Cough - Answer Protective mechanism to forcefully expel things from the lungs.
Expectoration is coughing up sputum.
ex- = away from
pector/o- = chest
-ation = process
Hemptysis is coughing up sputum that
contains blood.
hem/o- = blood
-ptysis = condition of coughing up
Anoxia - Answer Complete lack or severely decreased level of oxygen (O2) in arterial blood
and body tissues. Caused by choking, suffocating, drowning.
an- = without
ox/o- = oxygen
