NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam Review
Latest Update 2026 |Exam Prep
1. Tillie Brown feels nauseous and bloated and can only eat a small amount
before feeling full. Her doctor suspects gastroparesis. What does
gastroparesis mean?
electrolyte imbalance caused by fluid loss that exceeds fluid intake
slowed gastric motility causing delayed gastric emptying
extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the stomach and
intestines
2. M.S. asks what causes a peptic ulcer to develop. You respond that recent
research indicates that many peptic ulcers are the result of which of the
following?
Helicobacter pylori infection
Escherichia coli infiltration
Diets high in fat
Work-related stress
3. What do H2 receptor antagonists primarily block to reduce stomach acid
production?
Prostaglandins
Acetylcholine
Histamine
Serotonin
,4. Describe how viral infections can serve as environmental factors in the
development of medical conditions.
Viral infections can trigger immune responses that may lead to the
development of certain diseases.
Viral infections only affect respiratory conditions.
Viral infections are solely responsible for genetic disorders.
Viral infections have no impact on disease development.
5. What is the clinical significance of leukocytosis?
Increased white blood cell count signaling infection or
inflammation.
Normal white blood cell count suggesting good health.
Decreased red blood cell count indicating anemia.
Increased platelet count indicating clotting disorders.
6. Describe the relationship between hypercortisolism and glucose intolerance
in terms of insulin function.
Hypercortisolism enhances insulin sensitivity, reducing glucose
intolerance.
Hypercortisolism leads to increased cortisol levels, which cause
insulin resistance, resulting in glucose intolerance.
Hypercortisolism decreases insulin production, leading to glucose
intolerance.
Hypercortisolism has no effect on glucose metabolism.
7. A patient presents with increased thirst and frequent urination. What initial
diagnostic test would be most appropriate to confirm a suspicion of
, diabetes?
Complete blood count
Blood glucose test
Urinalysis
Liver function test
8. A patient who was informed about having a peptic ulcer asks if that means
the ulcer is not located in the stomach. Which response should the nurse
make to this patient?
"When it's referred to as a peptic ulcer instead of a gastric ulcer, it
means that it is located in a site other than the stomach."
"Peptic ulcers can be located in the esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum; however, the most common area is the duodenum."
"Peptic ulcers are those that are caused by excessive alcohol use and
improper diet."
"Peptic ulcer is just another term for gastric ulcer; they are generally
located in the stomach."
9. If a patient presents with recurrent seizures, what initial assessment should a
healthcare professional prioritize?
Identifying the underlying cause of the seizures
Conducting a physical therapy evaluation
Prescribing antiepileptic medication
Recommending lifestyle changes
, 10. The nurse is educating a patient on the signs and symptoms of an ischemic
stroke. Which symptom is the nurse most likely to include?
Rapid onset of behavioral changes
A sudden, severe increase in blood pressure
Severe headache with no known cause
Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg, especially
on one side of the body
11. What are common signs and symptoms associated with cirrhosis?
Joint pain and muscle stiffness.
Yellowing of the skin and eyes ( jaundice), abdominal swelling, easy
bruising, and confusion.
Acid reflux and heartburn.
Swelling of the ankles and feet.
12. Fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness with true muscle fatigue - particularly
affecting facial and neck muscles.
guillain-barre
lambert-eaton
myasthenia gravis
13. Which of the following is a common diagnostic method used in medical
assessments?
Blood tests
Symptom observation
Patient history
Latest Update 2026 |Exam Prep
1. Tillie Brown feels nauseous and bloated and can only eat a small amount
before feeling full. Her doctor suspects gastroparesis. What does
gastroparesis mean?
electrolyte imbalance caused by fluid loss that exceeds fluid intake
slowed gastric motility causing delayed gastric emptying
extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the stomach and
intestines
2. M.S. asks what causes a peptic ulcer to develop. You respond that recent
research indicates that many peptic ulcers are the result of which of the
following?
Helicobacter pylori infection
Escherichia coli infiltration
Diets high in fat
Work-related stress
3. What do H2 receptor antagonists primarily block to reduce stomach acid
production?
Prostaglandins
Acetylcholine
Histamine
Serotonin
,4. Describe how viral infections can serve as environmental factors in the
development of medical conditions.
Viral infections can trigger immune responses that may lead to the
development of certain diseases.
Viral infections only affect respiratory conditions.
Viral infections are solely responsible for genetic disorders.
Viral infections have no impact on disease development.
5. What is the clinical significance of leukocytosis?
Increased white blood cell count signaling infection or
inflammation.
Normal white blood cell count suggesting good health.
Decreased red blood cell count indicating anemia.
Increased platelet count indicating clotting disorders.
6. Describe the relationship between hypercortisolism and glucose intolerance
in terms of insulin function.
Hypercortisolism enhances insulin sensitivity, reducing glucose
intolerance.
Hypercortisolism leads to increased cortisol levels, which cause
insulin resistance, resulting in glucose intolerance.
Hypercortisolism decreases insulin production, leading to glucose
intolerance.
Hypercortisolism has no effect on glucose metabolism.
7. A patient presents with increased thirst and frequent urination. What initial
diagnostic test would be most appropriate to confirm a suspicion of
, diabetes?
Complete blood count
Blood glucose test
Urinalysis
Liver function test
8. A patient who was informed about having a peptic ulcer asks if that means
the ulcer is not located in the stomach. Which response should the nurse
make to this patient?
"When it's referred to as a peptic ulcer instead of a gastric ulcer, it
means that it is located in a site other than the stomach."
"Peptic ulcers can be located in the esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum; however, the most common area is the duodenum."
"Peptic ulcers are those that are caused by excessive alcohol use and
improper diet."
"Peptic ulcer is just another term for gastric ulcer; they are generally
located in the stomach."
9. If a patient presents with recurrent seizures, what initial assessment should a
healthcare professional prioritize?
Identifying the underlying cause of the seizures
Conducting a physical therapy evaluation
Prescribing antiepileptic medication
Recommending lifestyle changes
, 10. The nurse is educating a patient on the signs and symptoms of an ischemic
stroke. Which symptom is the nurse most likely to include?
Rapid onset of behavioral changes
A sudden, severe increase in blood pressure
Severe headache with no known cause
Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg, especially
on one side of the body
11. What are common signs and symptoms associated with cirrhosis?
Joint pain and muscle stiffness.
Yellowing of the skin and eyes ( jaundice), abdominal swelling, easy
bruising, and confusion.
Acid reflux and heartburn.
Swelling of the ankles and feet.
12. Fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness with true muscle fatigue - particularly
affecting facial and neck muscles.
guillain-barre
lambert-eaton
myasthenia gravis
13. Which of the following is a common diagnostic method used in medical
assessments?
Blood tests
Symptom observation
Patient history
