DH 262 MODULE 21 QUESTIOS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026
What is a root concavity? - Answers A linear developmental depression in the root surface
Why do root concavities complicate instrumentation? - Answers They are difficult to adapt
instruments into and can hide calculus
What exposes root concavities in periodontitis? - Answers Bone loss.
Why do patients struggle to clean root concavities? - Answers The depressions are difficult to access
What is a furcation? - Answers The area where roots divide in a multirooted tooth
Why are furcations difficult to instrument? - Answers They are narrow, hard to access, and often
accumulate calculus
What is essential for effective root instrumentation? - Answers Complete knowledge of root
morphology
What stroke types are used to explore root concavities? - Answers Vertical and horizontal strokes
From which aspects should concavities be explored? - Answers Both facial and lingual aspects
What is the correct technique for instrumenting a concavity? - Answers Roll the handle so the leading
third enters the concavity
What happens if the working end spans across a concavity? - Answers Calculus may be missed
What type of strokes are commonly used in furcations and concavities? - Answers Short controlled
horizontal strokes
How should multirooted teeth be instrumented? - Answers Treat each root as a separate tooth
What curet is used on mesial surfaces? - Answers Gracey 11/12
What curet is used on distal surfaces? - Answers Gracey 13/14
What curet is recommended for furcations and roots? - Answers Miniature area-specific curets
Which Gracey is used for vertical strokes on mesial surfaces? - Answers Gracey 11
Which Gracey is used for horizontal strokes on mesial surfaces? - Answers Gracey 12
Which Gracey is used for vertical strokes on distal surfaces? - Answers Gracey 13
Which Gracey is used for horizontal strokes on distal surfaces? - Answers Gracey 14
What does a standard intraoral fulcrum provide? - Answers Stability, leverage, and safety
When are advanced fulcrums used? - Answers In deep pockets or areas with limited access
Are advanced fulcrums meant to replace standard fulcrums? - Answers NO
What is a cross arch fulcrum? - Answers A fulcrum on the opposite side of the same arch
What is an opposite arch fulcrum? - Answers A fulcrum on the opposite arch from the treatment
area.
What is a finger-on-finger fulcrum? - Answers The dominant hand rests on a finger of the
nondominant hand
What are advantages of extraoral fulcrums? - Answers Easier access to maxillary molars and deep
pockets
What is a disadvantage of extraoral fulcrums? - Answers Reduced tactile sensitivity
Why should extraoral fulcrums be used carefully? - Answers They require more coordination and skill
Which patients may not tolerate extraoral fulcrums well? - Answers Patients with TMJ problems
What are the three types of extraoral fulcrums? - Answers Fingers resting on chin, chin-cup, and
finger assist
What is a finger assist fulcrum? - Answers The nondominant hand applies pressure to the shank of
the instrument
What position is commonly used for concavity instrumentation? - Answers Toe-up position
What type of horizontal strokes are recommended? - Answers Very short controlled strokes
Why are horizontal strokes important? - Answers They help adapt into concavities and furcations.
What is the quickest route to problems with advanced fulcrums? - Answers Poor standard fulcrum
skills
What should be mastered before advanced fulcrums? - Answers Standard intraoral fulcrum
technique
What root areas commonly contain depressions and calculus? - Answers Furcations and proximal
concavities
What is the purpose of rolling the instrument handle? - Answers To adapt the leading third into the
concavity
What is a root concavity? - Answers A linear developmental depression in the root surface
Why do root concavities complicate instrumentation? - Answers They are difficult to adapt
instruments into and can hide calculus
What exposes root concavities in periodontitis? - Answers Bone loss.
Why do patients struggle to clean root concavities? - Answers The depressions are difficult to access
What is a furcation? - Answers The area where roots divide in a multirooted tooth
Why are furcations difficult to instrument? - Answers They are narrow, hard to access, and often
accumulate calculus
What is essential for effective root instrumentation? - Answers Complete knowledge of root
morphology
What stroke types are used to explore root concavities? - Answers Vertical and horizontal strokes
From which aspects should concavities be explored? - Answers Both facial and lingual aspects
What is the correct technique for instrumenting a concavity? - Answers Roll the handle so the leading
third enters the concavity
What happens if the working end spans across a concavity? - Answers Calculus may be missed
What type of strokes are commonly used in furcations and concavities? - Answers Short controlled
horizontal strokes
How should multirooted teeth be instrumented? - Answers Treat each root as a separate tooth
What curet is used on mesial surfaces? - Answers Gracey 11/12
What curet is used on distal surfaces? - Answers Gracey 13/14
What curet is recommended for furcations and roots? - Answers Miniature area-specific curets
Which Gracey is used for vertical strokes on mesial surfaces? - Answers Gracey 11
Which Gracey is used for horizontal strokes on mesial surfaces? - Answers Gracey 12
Which Gracey is used for vertical strokes on distal surfaces? - Answers Gracey 13
Which Gracey is used for horizontal strokes on distal surfaces? - Answers Gracey 14
What does a standard intraoral fulcrum provide? - Answers Stability, leverage, and safety
When are advanced fulcrums used? - Answers In deep pockets or areas with limited access
Are advanced fulcrums meant to replace standard fulcrums? - Answers NO
What is a cross arch fulcrum? - Answers A fulcrum on the opposite side of the same arch
What is an opposite arch fulcrum? - Answers A fulcrum on the opposite arch from the treatment
area.
What is a finger-on-finger fulcrum? - Answers The dominant hand rests on a finger of the
nondominant hand
What are advantages of extraoral fulcrums? - Answers Easier access to maxillary molars and deep
pockets
What is a disadvantage of extraoral fulcrums? - Answers Reduced tactile sensitivity
Why should extraoral fulcrums be used carefully? - Answers They require more coordination and skill
Which patients may not tolerate extraoral fulcrums well? - Answers Patients with TMJ problems
What are the three types of extraoral fulcrums? - Answers Fingers resting on chin, chin-cup, and
finger assist
What is a finger assist fulcrum? - Answers The nondominant hand applies pressure to the shank of
the instrument
What position is commonly used for concavity instrumentation? - Answers Toe-up position
What type of horizontal strokes are recommended? - Answers Very short controlled strokes
Why are horizontal strokes important? - Answers They help adapt into concavities and furcations.
What is the quickest route to problems with advanced fulcrums? - Answers Poor standard fulcrum
skills
What should be mastered before advanced fulcrums? - Answers Standard intraoral fulcrum
technique
What root areas commonly contain depressions and calculus? - Answers Furcations and proximal
concavities
What is the purpose of rolling the instrument handle? - Answers To adapt the leading third into the
concavity
