MEDSURG : KIDNEY: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1) The nurse teaches a 64-year-old woman to prevent the recurrence of renal
calculi by
A) using a filter to strain all urine.
B) avoiding dietary sources of calcium.
C) choosing diuretic fluids such as coffee.
D) drinking 2000 to 3000 mL of fluid a day. -- Answer ✔✔ d. drinking
2000 to 3000 mL of fluid a day.
2) A 68-year-old female patient admitted to the hospital with dehydration is
confused and incontinent of urine. Which nursing action will be best to include in
the plan of care?
A) Restrict fluids between meals and after the evening meal.
B) Apply absorbent incontinent pads liberally over the bed linens.
C) Insert an indwelling catheter until the symptoms have resolved.
D) Assist the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours during the day --
Answer ✔✔ d. Assist the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours
during the day
,3) A 55-year-old woman admitted for shoulder surgery asks the nurse for a perineal
pad, stating that laughing or coughing causes leakage of urine. Which intervention
is most appropriate to include in the care plan?
A) Assist the patient to the bathroom q3hr.
B) Place a commode at the patients bedside.
C) Demonstrate how to perform the Cred maneuver.
D) Teach the patient how to perform Kegel exercises -- Answer ✔✔ d.
Teach the patient how to perform Kegel exercises
4) Following rectal surgery, a patient voids about 50 mL of urine every 30 to 60
minutes for the first 4 hours. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
A) Monitor the patients intake and output over night.
B) Have the patient drink small amounts of fluid frequently.
C) Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual
volume.
D) Reassure the patient that this is normal after rectal surgery because
of anesthesia. -- Answer ✔✔ c. Use an ultrasound scanner to check
the postvoiding residual volume.
5) A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has a history of functional
urinary incontinence. Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care?
A) Demonstrate the use of the Cred maneuver.
B) Teach exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor.
C) Place a bedside commode close to the patients bed.
D) Use an ultrasound scanner to check postvoiding residuals. -- Answer
✔✔ c. Place a bedside commode close to the patients bed.
6) The home health nurse teaches a patient with a neurogenic bladder how to use
intermittent catheterization for bladder emptying. Which patient statement
indicates that the teaching has been effective?
A) I will buy seven new catheters weekly and use a new one every day.
B) I will use a sterile catheter and gloves for each time I self-
catheterize.
C) I will clean the catheter carefully before and after each
catheterization.
, D) I will need to take prophylactic antibiotics to prevent any urinary
tract infections -- Answer ✔✔ c. I will clean the catheter carefully
before and after each catheterization.
7) Nursing staff on a hospital unit are reviewing rates of hospital-acquired infections
(HAI) of the urinary tract. Which nursing action will be most helpful in decreasing
the risk for HAI in patients admitted to the hospital?
A) Encouraging adequate oral fluid intake
B) Testing urine with a dipstick daily for nitrites
C) Avoiding unnecessary urinary catheterization
D) Providing frequent perineal hygiene to patients -- Answer ✔✔ c.
Avoiding unnecessary urinary catheterization
8) Which assessment data reported by a 28-year-old male patient is consistent with
a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)
A) Poor urine output
B) Bilateral flank pain
C) Nausea and vomiting
D) Burning on urination -- Answer ✔✔ d. Burning on urination
9) A 76-year-old with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is agitated and confused,
with a markedly distended bladder. Which intervention prescribed by the health
care provider should the nurse implement first?
A) Insert a urinary retention catheter.
B) Schedule an intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
C) Draw blood for a serum creatinine level.
D) Administer lorazepam (Ativan) 0.5 mg PO. -- Answer ✔✔ a. Insert a
urinary retention catheter.
10) Which nursing action is of highest priority for a 68-year-old patient with renal
calculi who is being admitted to the hospital with gross hematuria and severe
colicky left flank pain?
A) Administer prescribed analgesics.
B) Monitor temperature every 4 hours.
C) Encourage increased oral fluid intake.
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1) The nurse teaches a 64-year-old woman to prevent the recurrence of renal
calculi by
A) using a filter to strain all urine.
B) avoiding dietary sources of calcium.
C) choosing diuretic fluids such as coffee.
D) drinking 2000 to 3000 mL of fluid a day. -- Answer ✔✔ d. drinking
2000 to 3000 mL of fluid a day.
2) A 68-year-old female patient admitted to the hospital with dehydration is
confused and incontinent of urine. Which nursing action will be best to include in
the plan of care?
A) Restrict fluids between meals and after the evening meal.
B) Apply absorbent incontinent pads liberally over the bed linens.
C) Insert an indwelling catheter until the symptoms have resolved.
D) Assist the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours during the day --
Answer ✔✔ d. Assist the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours
during the day
,3) A 55-year-old woman admitted for shoulder surgery asks the nurse for a perineal
pad, stating that laughing or coughing causes leakage of urine. Which intervention
is most appropriate to include in the care plan?
A) Assist the patient to the bathroom q3hr.
B) Place a commode at the patients bedside.
C) Demonstrate how to perform the Cred maneuver.
D) Teach the patient how to perform Kegel exercises -- Answer ✔✔ d.
Teach the patient how to perform Kegel exercises
4) Following rectal surgery, a patient voids about 50 mL of urine every 30 to 60
minutes for the first 4 hours. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
A) Monitor the patients intake and output over night.
B) Have the patient drink small amounts of fluid frequently.
C) Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual
volume.
D) Reassure the patient that this is normal after rectal surgery because
of anesthesia. -- Answer ✔✔ c. Use an ultrasound scanner to check
the postvoiding residual volume.
5) A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has a history of functional
urinary incontinence. Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care?
A) Demonstrate the use of the Cred maneuver.
B) Teach exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor.
C) Place a bedside commode close to the patients bed.
D) Use an ultrasound scanner to check postvoiding residuals. -- Answer
✔✔ c. Place a bedside commode close to the patients bed.
6) The home health nurse teaches a patient with a neurogenic bladder how to use
intermittent catheterization for bladder emptying. Which patient statement
indicates that the teaching has been effective?
A) I will buy seven new catheters weekly and use a new one every day.
B) I will use a sterile catheter and gloves for each time I self-
catheterize.
C) I will clean the catheter carefully before and after each
catheterization.
, D) I will need to take prophylactic antibiotics to prevent any urinary
tract infections -- Answer ✔✔ c. I will clean the catheter carefully
before and after each catheterization.
7) Nursing staff on a hospital unit are reviewing rates of hospital-acquired infections
(HAI) of the urinary tract. Which nursing action will be most helpful in decreasing
the risk for HAI in patients admitted to the hospital?
A) Encouraging adequate oral fluid intake
B) Testing urine with a dipstick daily for nitrites
C) Avoiding unnecessary urinary catheterization
D) Providing frequent perineal hygiene to patients -- Answer ✔✔ c.
Avoiding unnecessary urinary catheterization
8) Which assessment data reported by a 28-year-old male patient is consistent with
a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)
A) Poor urine output
B) Bilateral flank pain
C) Nausea and vomiting
D) Burning on urination -- Answer ✔✔ d. Burning on urination
9) A 76-year-old with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is agitated and confused,
with a markedly distended bladder. Which intervention prescribed by the health
care provider should the nurse implement first?
A) Insert a urinary retention catheter.
B) Schedule an intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
C) Draw blood for a serum creatinine level.
D) Administer lorazepam (Ativan) 0.5 mg PO. -- Answer ✔✔ a. Insert a
urinary retention catheter.
10) Which nursing action is of highest priority for a 68-year-old patient with renal
calculi who is being admitted to the hospital with gross hematuria and severe
colicky left flank pain?
A) Administer prescribed analgesics.
B) Monitor temperature every 4 hours.
C) Encourage increased oral fluid intake.
