Pharmacology 615
FNP Tutoring Session
Cardiovascular Disorders
Google images:
https://as2.ftcdn.net/v2/jpg/01/44/05/57/1000_F_144055779_mb5HQZMxamX5wOGU89hGBYuvUPUiNPO0.jpg
,Hypertension (Silent Killer)
• Increased risk for CVD, kidney disease
• 70 million adults (1 in 3 adults)
• Increased prevalence due to aging population, increase salt intake,
obesity
• Blacks suffer disproportionately (earlier age and more severe)
Arcangelo et al. (2021). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice. Wolters Kluwer
,Causes
• Primary (Essential) – accounts for 95%, cause unknown
(poor diet, excess salt,sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and aging arteries become stiff)
- genetic alterations affect RAAS (renin, angiotensin, aldosterone system)
• Secondary – known cause
-5% of cases (CKD, thyroid issues, sleep disorder and
aldosteronism
-meds like: TCAs, OCPs, nicotine, steroids,
venlafaxine (Effexor), OTC decongestants, NSAIDS.
- renal bruit may = renovascular htn
Arcangelo et al. (2021). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice. Wolters Kluwer
, Equations to know:
Cardiac Output = HR X SV (Stroke Volume)
BP = Cardiac Output X Peripheral Resistance
Arcangelo et al. (2021). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice. Wolters Kluwer
FNP Tutoring Session
Cardiovascular Disorders
Google images:
https://as2.ftcdn.net/v2/jpg/01/44/05/57/1000_F_144055779_mb5HQZMxamX5wOGU89hGBYuvUPUiNPO0.jpg
,Hypertension (Silent Killer)
• Increased risk for CVD, kidney disease
• 70 million adults (1 in 3 adults)
• Increased prevalence due to aging population, increase salt intake,
obesity
• Blacks suffer disproportionately (earlier age and more severe)
Arcangelo et al. (2021). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice. Wolters Kluwer
,Causes
• Primary (Essential) – accounts for 95%, cause unknown
(poor diet, excess salt,sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and aging arteries become stiff)
- genetic alterations affect RAAS (renin, angiotensin, aldosterone system)
• Secondary – known cause
-5% of cases (CKD, thyroid issues, sleep disorder and
aldosteronism
-meds like: TCAs, OCPs, nicotine, steroids,
venlafaxine (Effexor), OTC decongestants, NSAIDS.
- renal bruit may = renovascular htn
Arcangelo et al. (2021). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice. Wolters Kluwer
, Equations to know:
Cardiac Output = HR X SV (Stroke Volume)
BP = Cardiac Output X Peripheral Resistance
Arcangelo et al. (2021). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice. Wolters Kluwer
