Versions) ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 |
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Reading (Questions 1–15)
Q1: Read the passage below and answer the question.
Passage: The human circulatory system is a complex network of blood vessels, the heart, and blood that
works together to transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. The heart acts
as a muscular pump, contracting rhythmically to push blood through arteries, capillaries, and veins.
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body's tissues, while veins return oxygen-
depleted blood back to the heart. Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, serve as the exchange sites
where oxygen and nutrients pass into cells and carbon dioxide and waste products enter the
bloodstream.
What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Capillaries are the most important blood vessels in the body.
B. [CORRECT] The human circulatory system functions as an integrated network to transport
essential substances throughout the body.
C. The heart is the only organ responsible for blood circulation.
D. Arteries and veins perform identical functions in the circulatory system.
Correct Answer: B Rationale: The main idea encompasses the entire passage, which describes how the
heart, blood vessels, and blood work together as an integrated system to transport oxygen, nutrients,
and waste. This choice captures the comprehensive function of the circulatory system as described in
the passage.
Q2: Read the passage below and answer the question.
,Passage: Many students struggle with time management during exams. One effective strategy is to
allocate specific time limits for each section based on its point value. For example, if a section is worth
30% of the total score, students should spend approximately 30% of their total exam time on that
section. Another helpful technique is to answer easier questions first, which builds confidence and
ensures that points are not lost on questions the student knows well. Finally, students should review
their answers if time permits, checking for simple errors in calculation or comprehension.
Which sentence serves as the topic sentence of this paragraph?
A. "Another helpful technique is to answer easier questions first..."
B. "Finally, students should review their answers if time permits..."
C. [CORRECT] "Many students struggle with time management during exams."
D. "For example, if a section is worth 30% of the total score..."
Correct Answer: C Rationale: The topic sentence introduces the main subject of the paragraph (time
management during exams) and is supported by the subsequent sentences that provide specific
strategies. Topic sentences typically appear at the beginning of a paragraph and establish the central
idea that supporting details will elaborate upon.
Q3: Read the passage below and answer the question.
Passage: The library's new digital catalog system allows users to search for books by title, author,
subject, or ISBN number. Users can also place holds on checked-out items, renew borrowed materials,
and access electronic resources from home. To use the system, patrons must enter their library card
number and PIN. The system is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, making it convenient for
users with busy schedules.
What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To persuade readers to stop using physical libraries
B. [CORRECT] To inform readers about the features and accessibility of the library's new digital
catalog system
C. To entertain readers with a story about library technology
D. To criticize the limitations of digital catalog systems
Correct Answer: B Rationale: The author provides factual information about the digital catalog's search
capabilities, user functions, access requirements, and availability. The objective, explanatory tone and
content indicate an informational purpose rather than persuasion, entertainment, or criticism.
,Q4: Read the passage below and answer the question.
Passage: While some people believe that renewable energy sources are too expensive to implement on
a large scale, recent technological advances have significantly reduced the cost of solar and wind power.
In fact, the cost of solar panels has dropped by over 80% in the past decade. Additionally, renewable
energy creates more jobs per unit of energy produced than fossil fuels. Furthermore, the environmental
benefits of reducing carbon emissions cannot be overstated. Therefore, investing in renewable energy is
not only economically viable but also environmentally responsible.
Which of the following best describes the text structure of this passage?
A. Sequence/chronological order
B. [CORRECT] Problem/solution with supporting evidence
C. Compare/contrast only
D. Cause/effect without any argument
Correct Answer: B Rationale: The passage presents a problem (the belief that renewable energy is too
expensive) and then offers a solution (recent advances make it viable) supported by evidence about cost
reductions, job creation, and environmental benefits. The structure builds an argument that addresses a
concern and provides counter-evidence.
Q5: Read the passage below and answer the question.
Passage: The nurse carefully explained the procedure to the anxious patient. Her voice was calm and
reassuring, and she took time to answer each question thoroughly. When the patient expressed fear
about potential pain, the nurse acknowledged the concern and described the pain management options
available. By the end of the conversation, the patient appeared more relaxed and willing to proceed.
What is the tone of this passage?
A. Critical and judgmental
B. [CORRECT] Compassionate and professional
C. Humorous and lighthearted
D. Urgent and alarming
Correct Answer: B Rationale: The tone is conveyed through word choice describing the nurse's calm,
reassuring voice, thorough answers, and acknowledgment of patient concerns. The passage emphasizes
, patient-centered care and emotional support, creating a tone that is both compassionate (empathetic to
patient anxiety) and professional (explaining procedures and options).
Q6: Read the passage below and answer the question.
Passage: A recent study published in the Journal of Nutrition examined the effects of a Mediterranean
diet on cardiovascular health. Researchers followed 1,500 participants for five years. The study found
that participants who adhered to the Mediterranean diet had a 25% lower risk of heart disease
compared to those who followed a standard Western diet. The researchers concluded that the high
intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats contributed to these protective effects.
Which of the following is a fact stated in the passage?
A. The Mediterranean diet is the best diet for everyone.
B. [CORRECT] Participants who followed the Mediterranean diet had a 25% lower risk of heart
disease compared to those on a standard Western diet.
C. Everyone should immediately switch to a Mediterranean diet.
D. The Western diet causes all cases of heart disease.
Correct Answer: B Rationale: A fact is a statement that can be verified with evidence. The 25% risk
reduction is a specific finding reported from the study with quantifiable data. The other options express
opinions, recommendations, or absolute claims that are not supported by the passage's measured,
research-based language.
Q7: Read the passage below and answer the question.
Passage: The industrial revolution transformed manufacturing processes in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Before this period, most goods were produced by hand in small workshops. The introduction of steam
power and mechanized equipment allowed factories to mass-produce items more quickly and cheaply
than ever before. However, these changes also led to poor working conditions, child labor, and
environmental pollution in rapidly growing industrial cities.
Based on the passage, what can the reader logically conclude?
A. The industrial revolution had no negative consequences.
B. [CORRECT] The industrial revolution brought both economic benefits and social challenges.
C. Hand-crafted goods were always superior to factory-made products.
D. Steam power is no longer used today.