OPENSTAX PSYCHOLOGY INTRODUCTION
TO CHAPTERS FOUR ACTUAL TEST 2026
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Ivan Pavlov. Answer: discovered classical conditioning; trained dogs
to salivate at the ringing of a bell
⩥ Albert Bandura. Answer: Social learning theory; Bobo doll
experiment
⩥ Abraham Maslow. Answer: humanism, potential growth, created
hierarchy of needs. in control of own destiny
⩥ John Locke. Answer: Tabula Rasa, you are born blank slated,
everything is learned through experience
⩥ Trephining. Answer: cut open head to allow the escape of evil demons
⩥ Franz Josef Gaul. Answer: phrenology, idea that bumps on head
reflect personality
⩥ Freud. Answer: unconscious, listen, childhood experiences affect,
freudian slip- subconscious, innocent slips that reflect subconscious
,⩥ Gestalt. Answer: person as whole, how and why we group objects
together (arrows connected to cube)
⩥ B. F. Skinner. Answer: skinner box, rewards and punishments
⩥ Carl Rogers. Answer: Positivity, unconditional positive regard,
genuiness, and empathy.
⩥ Noam Chomsky. Answer: cognitive revolution, cognition- thinking
thoughts, focus on how people think, understand, and know about the
world
⩥ Cecil Sumner. Answer: first African American to receive PhD in
psychology in US
⩥ evolutionary psychology. Answer: (traits)genetics/traits from ancestor
⩥ behavioral psychology. Answer: observable & mesurable (able to
record), Observable
⩥ social psychology. Answer: interact and relate to others (peer
pressure). Stanley Milgram electric shock
, ⩥ industrial-organizational psychology (IO). Answer: manipulate staff
into taking less work off, make them happier
⩥ health psychology. Answer: Fitness, how diet and physical fitness can
help
⩥ psychiatry (MD). Answer: prescribe meds, problems=chemical
imbalance
⩥ DARE. Answer: drug abuse resistance education, officers go into
classroom to educate students about drugs and alcohol
⩥ scientific method. Answer: approach through which psychologists
systematically acquire knowledge and understand about behavior and
other phenomena of interest
⩥ Diffusion of Responsibility Theory. Answer: greater the number of
bystanders, the smaller the share of the responsibility each person feels
⩥ survey research. Answer: lists of questions to be answered by research
participants, and can be delivered as paper-pencil questionnaires, snail
mail, administered electronically, or conducted verbally
⩥ correlation research. Answer: examine the relationship between two
sets of variables
TO CHAPTERS FOUR ACTUAL TEST 2026
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Ivan Pavlov. Answer: discovered classical conditioning; trained dogs
to salivate at the ringing of a bell
⩥ Albert Bandura. Answer: Social learning theory; Bobo doll
experiment
⩥ Abraham Maslow. Answer: humanism, potential growth, created
hierarchy of needs. in control of own destiny
⩥ John Locke. Answer: Tabula Rasa, you are born blank slated,
everything is learned through experience
⩥ Trephining. Answer: cut open head to allow the escape of evil demons
⩥ Franz Josef Gaul. Answer: phrenology, idea that bumps on head
reflect personality
⩥ Freud. Answer: unconscious, listen, childhood experiences affect,
freudian slip- subconscious, innocent slips that reflect subconscious
,⩥ Gestalt. Answer: person as whole, how and why we group objects
together (arrows connected to cube)
⩥ B. F. Skinner. Answer: skinner box, rewards and punishments
⩥ Carl Rogers. Answer: Positivity, unconditional positive regard,
genuiness, and empathy.
⩥ Noam Chomsky. Answer: cognitive revolution, cognition- thinking
thoughts, focus on how people think, understand, and know about the
world
⩥ Cecil Sumner. Answer: first African American to receive PhD in
psychology in US
⩥ evolutionary psychology. Answer: (traits)genetics/traits from ancestor
⩥ behavioral psychology. Answer: observable & mesurable (able to
record), Observable
⩥ social psychology. Answer: interact and relate to others (peer
pressure). Stanley Milgram electric shock
, ⩥ industrial-organizational psychology (IO). Answer: manipulate staff
into taking less work off, make them happier
⩥ health psychology. Answer: Fitness, how diet and physical fitness can
help
⩥ psychiatry (MD). Answer: prescribe meds, problems=chemical
imbalance
⩥ DARE. Answer: drug abuse resistance education, officers go into
classroom to educate students about drugs and alcohol
⩥ scientific method. Answer: approach through which psychologists
systematically acquire knowledge and understand about behavior and
other phenomena of interest
⩥ Diffusion of Responsibility Theory. Answer: greater the number of
bystanders, the smaller the share of the responsibility each person feels
⩥ survey research. Answer: lists of questions to be answered by research
participants, and can be delivered as paper-pencil questionnaires, snail
mail, administered electronically, or conducted verbally
⩥ correlation research. Answer: examine the relationship between two
sets of variables
