Davita PCT Final Exam | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |ALREADY
GRADED A+| VERIFIED & UPDATED| 2027
1) Known as solute drag, solute move w/ water across the semipermeable
membrane. *kidneys remove waste this way*(answer) Convection
2) Movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane
from
*high* to *low* concentration(answer) Diffusion
3) Fluid move from *low* to *high* solute concentration(answer) Osmosis
4) 1) Fluid Balance (ultrafiltration)
2) Electrolyte balance (diffusion)
3) Acid/Base balance(answer) Kidneys excretory functions
5) 1) Renin (angiotensin aldosterone system)
2) Erythropoiesis
3) Vitamin D & Calcium regulation(answer) Kidneys endocrine functions
6) Function of Bicarbonate(answer) Maintains acid-base balance and help
clean blood by functioning as the primary buffer in the body
,7) How do we replace *excretory* functions?(answer) Hemodialysis
removes urea, salt, excess water from blood which normalizes electrolytes
and metabolic acidosis
8) Hormones replaced by medications such as Epogen, Iron,
Antihyperten- sive (ACE inhibitors), Phosphate binders, Vitamins D,
Calcimetric agents(answer) - How we replace *endocrine* functions?
9) 1) Edema & Pulmonary Edema
2) Hypertension
3) Chronic Heart Failure
4) Shortness of breath
5) Headaches(answer) Signs & symptoms of fluid imbalance
10) Hypertension leads to(answer) Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
11) Why is sodium balance important?(answer) Sodium holds onto water,
thirst and blood pressure control
12) 1) Extreme muscle weakness
,2) Irregular heart rhythm (Brady)
3) Wide QRS
4) Cardia arrest(answer) Signs and symptoms of Hyperkalemia
13) 1. Fatigue
2. Muscle weakness
3. Respiratory failure
4. Irritable heart muscle
, 5. Dysrhythmias (irregular heartbeat)
6. Cardia arrest(answer) Signs and symptoms of Hypokalemia
15. Lack of Erythropoeitin(answer) Primary cause of anemia
16. Secondary Cause of anemia?(answer) blood loss
17. 1) Heparin lines are clamped
2) Wait 3-5 min after Heparin dose
3) Proper priming(answer) How to prevent blood loss
18. What is the sac inflammation of the heart that is indicated by fever,
hearing rub, low blood pressure, and chest pain?(answer) Pericarditis
19. 1) Lower heparin
2) More dialysis
3) * More antibiotics & anti-inflammatory meds*(answer) Treatment of
Pericarditis
20. Recommend fatty lotions, lukewarm water, antihistamine (allergy reliev-
ers), pat not rub skin dry and checking phosphorus levels(answer) If
patient is com- plaining of dry, itchy skin
GRADED A+| VERIFIED & UPDATED| 2027
1) Known as solute drag, solute move w/ water across the semipermeable
membrane. *kidneys remove waste this way*(answer) Convection
2) Movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane
from
*high* to *low* concentration(answer) Diffusion
3) Fluid move from *low* to *high* solute concentration(answer) Osmosis
4) 1) Fluid Balance (ultrafiltration)
2) Electrolyte balance (diffusion)
3) Acid/Base balance(answer) Kidneys excretory functions
5) 1) Renin (angiotensin aldosterone system)
2) Erythropoiesis
3) Vitamin D & Calcium regulation(answer) Kidneys endocrine functions
6) Function of Bicarbonate(answer) Maintains acid-base balance and help
clean blood by functioning as the primary buffer in the body
,7) How do we replace *excretory* functions?(answer) Hemodialysis
removes urea, salt, excess water from blood which normalizes electrolytes
and metabolic acidosis
8) Hormones replaced by medications such as Epogen, Iron,
Antihyperten- sive (ACE inhibitors), Phosphate binders, Vitamins D,
Calcimetric agents(answer) - How we replace *endocrine* functions?
9) 1) Edema & Pulmonary Edema
2) Hypertension
3) Chronic Heart Failure
4) Shortness of breath
5) Headaches(answer) Signs & symptoms of fluid imbalance
10) Hypertension leads to(answer) Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
11) Why is sodium balance important?(answer) Sodium holds onto water,
thirst and blood pressure control
12) 1) Extreme muscle weakness
,2) Irregular heart rhythm (Brady)
3) Wide QRS
4) Cardia arrest(answer) Signs and symptoms of Hyperkalemia
13) 1. Fatigue
2. Muscle weakness
3. Respiratory failure
4. Irritable heart muscle
, 5. Dysrhythmias (irregular heartbeat)
6. Cardia arrest(answer) Signs and symptoms of Hypokalemia
15. Lack of Erythropoeitin(answer) Primary cause of anemia
16. Secondary Cause of anemia?(answer) blood loss
17. 1) Heparin lines are clamped
2) Wait 3-5 min after Heparin dose
3) Proper priming(answer) How to prevent blood loss
18. What is the sac inflammation of the heart that is indicated by fever,
hearing rub, low blood pressure, and chest pain?(answer) Pericarditis
19. 1) Lower heparin
2) More dialysis
3) * More antibiotics & anti-inflammatory meds*(answer) Treatment of
Pericarditis
20. Recommend fatty lotions, lukewarm water, antihistamine (allergy reliev-
ers), pat not rub skin dry and checking phosphorus levels(answer) If
patient is com- plaining of dry, itchy skin
