iCEV Elanco Veterinary Medical Applications
Certification – Complete Practice Test Bank
2026/2027 – Verified Questions with Answers
and Detailed Rationales | Comprehensive Study
Guide.
Section 1: Veterinary Terms & Terminology
1. Which of the following prefixes means "against" or "opposite"?
A) hypo-
B) anti-
C) peri-
D) post-
Rationale: The prefix "anti-" denotes opposition or counteraction (e.g., antibiotic =
against life). "Hypo-" means under/low, "peri-" means around, and "post-" means after.
2. Which of the following prefixes means "above" or "over"?
A) infra-
B) supra-
C) sub-
D) inter-
Rationale: "Supra-" is the prefix meaning above or over (e.g., suprascapular). "Infra-"
means below, "sub-" means under, and "inter-" means between.
,3. In veterinary directional terminology, "ventral" refers to a surface that is:
A) Toward the back
B) Toward the head
C) Toward the belly
D) Toward the tail
Rationale: "Ventral" describes the belly side of an animal, opposite of dorsal (back).
"Cranial" refers to toward the head, and "caudal" refers to toward the tail.
4. In veterinary directional terminology, "dorsal" refers to a surface that is:
A) Toward the back
B) Toward the belly
C) Toward the head
D) Toward the tail
Rationale: "Dorsal" refers to the back or upper surface of an animal. The term comes
from the Latin dorsum meaning back.
5. Which directional term means "toward the head"?
A) Caudal
B) Cranial (or rostral in some species)
C) Dorsal
D) Ventral
Rationale: "Cranial" means toward the head end of the body. "Caudal" means toward the
tail. In four-legged animals, "cranial" is often used instead of "superior."
6. The abbreviation "CR" on a prescription stands for:
,A) Controlled Release
B) Cardiac Rhythm
C) Cumulative Dose
D) Crude Rate
Rationale: "CR" indicates a drug formulation designed to release the active ingredient
gradually over time, providing extended therapeutic effect.
7. The abbreviation "BID" on a prescription means:
A) Once daily
B) Twice daily
C) Three times daily
D) Four times daily
Rationale: "BID" stands for bis in die, Latin for twice daily. "SID" is once daily, "TID" is
three times daily, and "QID" is four times daily.
8. The abbreviation "PRN" indicates that medication should be given:
A) Immediately
B) With food
C) As needed
D) Before meals
Rationale: "PRN" stands for pro re nata, Latin for "as the situation arises" or "as needed."
This is used for medications given only when specific symptoms occur.
9. Which of the following describes dyspnea?
A) Rapid heart rate
B) Labored breathing
, C) Low blood pressure
D) High body temperature
Rationale: Dyspnea refers to difficulty breathing or labored respiration. It is a clinical sign,
not a disease itself. "Tachypnea" is rapid breathing, "bradypnea" is slow breathing.
10. The term "pyrexia" refers to:
A) Low body temperature
B) Fever
C) Pain
D) Swelling
Rationale: Pyrexia is the medical term for fever—an elevated body temperature above
normal range. "Hypothermia" is low body temperature.
11. Which of the following describes "tachycardia"?
A) Slow heart rate
B) Rapid heart rate
C) Irregular heart rhythm
D) Absent heart sounds
Rationale: Tachycardia is defined as a heart rate above normal range for the species and
age. "Bradycardia" is slow heart rate.
12. The suffix "-itis" indicates:
A) Tumor
B) Inflammation
C) Enlargement
D) Pain
Certification – Complete Practice Test Bank
2026/2027 – Verified Questions with Answers
and Detailed Rationales | Comprehensive Study
Guide.
Section 1: Veterinary Terms & Terminology
1. Which of the following prefixes means "against" or "opposite"?
A) hypo-
B) anti-
C) peri-
D) post-
Rationale: The prefix "anti-" denotes opposition or counteraction (e.g., antibiotic =
against life). "Hypo-" means under/low, "peri-" means around, and "post-" means after.
2. Which of the following prefixes means "above" or "over"?
A) infra-
B) supra-
C) sub-
D) inter-
Rationale: "Supra-" is the prefix meaning above or over (e.g., suprascapular). "Infra-"
means below, "sub-" means under, and "inter-" means between.
,3. In veterinary directional terminology, "ventral" refers to a surface that is:
A) Toward the back
B) Toward the head
C) Toward the belly
D) Toward the tail
Rationale: "Ventral" describes the belly side of an animal, opposite of dorsal (back).
"Cranial" refers to toward the head, and "caudal" refers to toward the tail.
4. In veterinary directional terminology, "dorsal" refers to a surface that is:
A) Toward the back
B) Toward the belly
C) Toward the head
D) Toward the tail
Rationale: "Dorsal" refers to the back or upper surface of an animal. The term comes
from the Latin dorsum meaning back.
5. Which directional term means "toward the head"?
A) Caudal
B) Cranial (or rostral in some species)
C) Dorsal
D) Ventral
Rationale: "Cranial" means toward the head end of the body. "Caudal" means toward the
tail. In four-legged animals, "cranial" is often used instead of "superior."
6. The abbreviation "CR" on a prescription stands for:
,A) Controlled Release
B) Cardiac Rhythm
C) Cumulative Dose
D) Crude Rate
Rationale: "CR" indicates a drug formulation designed to release the active ingredient
gradually over time, providing extended therapeutic effect.
7. The abbreviation "BID" on a prescription means:
A) Once daily
B) Twice daily
C) Three times daily
D) Four times daily
Rationale: "BID" stands for bis in die, Latin for twice daily. "SID" is once daily, "TID" is
three times daily, and "QID" is four times daily.
8. The abbreviation "PRN" indicates that medication should be given:
A) Immediately
B) With food
C) As needed
D) Before meals
Rationale: "PRN" stands for pro re nata, Latin for "as the situation arises" or "as needed."
This is used for medications given only when specific symptoms occur.
9. Which of the following describes dyspnea?
A) Rapid heart rate
B) Labored breathing
, C) Low blood pressure
D) High body temperature
Rationale: Dyspnea refers to difficulty breathing or labored respiration. It is a clinical sign,
not a disease itself. "Tachypnea" is rapid breathing, "bradypnea" is slow breathing.
10. The term "pyrexia" refers to:
A) Low body temperature
B) Fever
C) Pain
D) Swelling
Rationale: Pyrexia is the medical term for fever—an elevated body temperature above
normal range. "Hypothermia" is low body temperature.
11. Which of the following describes "tachycardia"?
A) Slow heart rate
B) Rapid heart rate
C) Irregular heart rhythm
D) Absent heart sounds
Rationale: Tachycardia is defined as a heart rate above normal range for the species and
age. "Bradycardia" is slow heart rate.
12. The suffix "-itis" indicates:
A) Tumor
B) Inflammation
C) Enlargement
D) Pain
