AAMI COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW SCIENCE
167 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥Which activity illustrates the concept of *primary prevention*?
a. exercising three times a week
b. monthly breast self-examination
c. education about living with asthma
d. colonoscopy after age of 50
Answer: A
(a primary prevention aimed at preventing the individual from
developing an illness.)
⩥A 75- y/o man reports he stopped playing cards with his friends
because, over time, he noticed their voices began to sound mumbled.
How does the nurse explain the possible cause of this change?
a. sudden low-frequency hearing loss
b. damage to the middle ear from ear infections
c. gradual high-frequency hearing loss
,d. lack of earwax in the outer ear
Answer: C
(High-frequency hearing loss, or *presbycusis*, can occur as we age. It
involves problems w]usually with discerning certain constant sounds
like F, S, T and Z. Vowels are easier to hear for a person with high-
frequency loss. Not being able to hear certain letter sounds may make
speech sound mumbled. Older adults can become disheartened or
frustrated when not being able to make out speech adequately and can
become withdrawn. The issue is not related to a low-frequency hearing
loss, lack of earwax, or ear infections.)
⩥A nurse is assessing a patient who complains of "awful" hip pain after
suffering a fracture and rates it as a 9 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the
following physiologic signs may accompany acute pain? (Select all that
apply)
a. depression
b. tachycardia
c. increased blood pressure
d. loss of weight and appetite
Answer: CB
, (Tachycardia and increased bp are associated with the sympathetic
nervous system response that occurs in acute pain. Depression and loss
of appetite are more associated with chronic pain.)
⩥A patient is describing his symptoms to the nurse. Which of these
statements reflects a description of the aggravating factors for his
symptoms?
a. "It is a sharp, burning pain in my stomach."
b. "When I sit down to use the computer, it gets worse."
c. "I think this pain is telling me that something bad is wrong with me."
d. "I also have the sweats and nausea when I feel this pain."
Answer: B
(Aggravating factors are things the patient does or that happen to the
patient that make the symptom worse or more pronounced. This answer
is the only one that was *associated with a symptom.*)
⩥A patient drifts off to sleep when she is not being stimulated. The
nurse can arouse her easily when calling her name, but she remains
drowsy during the conversation. The best description of this patient's
level of consciousness would be:
a. semialert
167 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥Which activity illustrates the concept of *primary prevention*?
a. exercising three times a week
b. monthly breast self-examination
c. education about living with asthma
d. colonoscopy after age of 50
Answer: A
(a primary prevention aimed at preventing the individual from
developing an illness.)
⩥A 75- y/o man reports he stopped playing cards with his friends
because, over time, he noticed their voices began to sound mumbled.
How does the nurse explain the possible cause of this change?
a. sudden low-frequency hearing loss
b. damage to the middle ear from ear infections
c. gradual high-frequency hearing loss
,d. lack of earwax in the outer ear
Answer: C
(High-frequency hearing loss, or *presbycusis*, can occur as we age. It
involves problems w]usually with discerning certain constant sounds
like F, S, T and Z. Vowels are easier to hear for a person with high-
frequency loss. Not being able to hear certain letter sounds may make
speech sound mumbled. Older adults can become disheartened or
frustrated when not being able to make out speech adequately and can
become withdrawn. The issue is not related to a low-frequency hearing
loss, lack of earwax, or ear infections.)
⩥A nurse is assessing a patient who complains of "awful" hip pain after
suffering a fracture and rates it as a 9 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the
following physiologic signs may accompany acute pain? (Select all that
apply)
a. depression
b. tachycardia
c. increased blood pressure
d. loss of weight and appetite
Answer: CB
, (Tachycardia and increased bp are associated with the sympathetic
nervous system response that occurs in acute pain. Depression and loss
of appetite are more associated with chronic pain.)
⩥A patient is describing his symptoms to the nurse. Which of these
statements reflects a description of the aggravating factors for his
symptoms?
a. "It is a sharp, burning pain in my stomach."
b. "When I sit down to use the computer, it gets worse."
c. "I think this pain is telling me that something bad is wrong with me."
d. "I also have the sweats and nausea when I feel this pain."
Answer: B
(Aggravating factors are things the patient does or that happen to the
patient that make the symptom worse or more pronounced. This answer
is the only one that was *associated with a symptom.*)
⩥A patient drifts off to sleep when she is not being stimulated. The
nurse can arouse her easily when calling her name, but she remains
drowsy during the conversation. The best description of this patient's
level of consciousness would be:
a. semialert
