NR602 WEEK 5 TEST QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS
1) What are some symptoms of cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ Abnormal vaginal
bleeding
Vaginal discomfort
Malodorous discharge
Dysuria
2) What virus causes cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ Human papillomavirus (HPV)
3) What are the cervical cancer screening recommendations? -- Answer ✔✔ < 21
years: No screening recommended
21-29 years: Cytology (Pap smear) alone every 3 years
30-65 years: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytology cotesting every 5 years
(preferred) or cytology alone every 3 years (acceptable)
>65 years: No screening recommended if adequate prior screening has been
negative and high risk is not present
4) What are the stage-based treatments of cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ Stage 0:
Carcinoma in situ (stage 0) is treated with local ablative or excisional measures
, such as cryosurgery, laser ablation, and loop excision; surgical removal is
preferred
Stage IA1: The treatment of choice for stage IA1 disease is surgery; total
hysterectomy, radical hysterectomy, and conization are accepted procedures
Stage IA2, IB, or IIA: Combined external beam radiation with brachytherapy and
radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for patients with
stage IB or IIA disease; radical vaginal trachelectomy with pelvic lymph node
dissection is appropriate for fertility preservation in women with stage IA2
disease and those with stage IB1 disease whose lesions are 2 cm or smaller
Stage IIB, III, or IVA: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy with radiation is the standard
of care
Stage IVB and recurrent cancer: Individualized therapy is used on a palliative basis;
radiation therapy is used alone for control of bleeding and pain; systemic
chemotherapy is used for disseminated disease
5) What are the risk factors for developing cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ - Sex at
a young age
- Multiple sexual partners
- Promiscuous male partners
- History of sexually transmitted diseases
6) What is the prognosis for cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ - Stage I - Greater than
90%
- Stage II - 60-80%
- Stage III - Approximately 50%
- Stage IV - Less than 30%
7) What are some differential diagnoses for cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ -
Cervicitis
- Endometrial Carcinoma
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Vaginitis
- Primary melanoma and Paget disease
- Vaginal cancer
SOLUTIONS
1) What are some symptoms of cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ Abnormal vaginal
bleeding
Vaginal discomfort
Malodorous discharge
Dysuria
2) What virus causes cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ Human papillomavirus (HPV)
3) What are the cervical cancer screening recommendations? -- Answer ✔✔ < 21
years: No screening recommended
21-29 years: Cytology (Pap smear) alone every 3 years
30-65 years: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytology cotesting every 5 years
(preferred) or cytology alone every 3 years (acceptable)
>65 years: No screening recommended if adequate prior screening has been
negative and high risk is not present
4) What are the stage-based treatments of cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ Stage 0:
Carcinoma in situ (stage 0) is treated with local ablative or excisional measures
, such as cryosurgery, laser ablation, and loop excision; surgical removal is
preferred
Stage IA1: The treatment of choice for stage IA1 disease is surgery; total
hysterectomy, radical hysterectomy, and conization are accepted procedures
Stage IA2, IB, or IIA: Combined external beam radiation with brachytherapy and
radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for patients with
stage IB or IIA disease; radical vaginal trachelectomy with pelvic lymph node
dissection is appropriate for fertility preservation in women with stage IA2
disease and those with stage IB1 disease whose lesions are 2 cm or smaller
Stage IIB, III, or IVA: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy with radiation is the standard
of care
Stage IVB and recurrent cancer: Individualized therapy is used on a palliative basis;
radiation therapy is used alone for control of bleeding and pain; systemic
chemotherapy is used for disseminated disease
5) What are the risk factors for developing cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ - Sex at
a young age
- Multiple sexual partners
- Promiscuous male partners
- History of sexually transmitted diseases
6) What is the prognosis for cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ - Stage I - Greater than
90%
- Stage II - 60-80%
- Stage III - Approximately 50%
- Stage IV - Less than 30%
7) What are some differential diagnoses for cervical cancer? -- Answer ✔✔ -
Cervicitis
- Endometrial Carcinoma
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Vaginitis
- Primary melanoma and Paget disease
- Vaginal cancer
