NSG 130 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
1) Ethics Concept: -- Answer ✔✔ Ethics involves reflective consideration of
personal, societal and professional values, principles, and codes that shape nursing
practice. Ethical decision making requires applying an inclusive, holistic, systematic
process for identifying and synthesizing moral issues in health care and nursing
practice, and for acting as moral agents in caring for patients, families,
communities, societies, populations, and organizations
2) relate Ethic principle to the nursing profession -- Answer ✔✔ 1. Autonomy
• Self-determination- the clients right to self-determination to
choose their own care even if it is in conflict with our own beliefs
• Informed consent
2. Beneficence- doing what is right for the patient, doing good
3. Non-Maleficence
• Risk vs. benefit (out weight benefit from risk)
• Minimize danger
4. Justice- as nurses we care for everyone no matter race (economic status
gender sexual orientation or political affiliation)
• No discrimination
• Just allocation of resources
, 5. Veracity- you need to provide complete information to the client as well as
provide accurate and timely documentation
6. Dignity- insuring dignity for both patients and the providers or is an important
aspect for good outcomes
3) Explain the components of the ANA code of ethics. -- Answer ✔✔ American
Nurses Association Code of Ethics
general guidelines for how to behave when you're a member of the profession or
as a social contract with the public we serve
4) Examine and clarify personal beliefs, values, and attitudes and how they affect the
nurse‐patient relationship. -- Answer ✔✔ Ethical Decision Making
and Strategies for Ethical Decision Making
5) Ethical Decision Making -- Answer ✔✔ when there are conflicts between the
rights of the people involved their values obligations or their responsibilities
(between individuals or organization)
Goal: Arrive at decision that is in client's best interest, & preserves integrity of all
people involved.
➢ Ethical decision making is rational, systematic, based on ethical
principles and codes of ethics
➢ Not based on emotions, intuition, fixed policies, or precedent
➢ Usually involves: Client, Family, Other healthcare team members
➢ Collaboration, communication, compromise are needed
6) Strategies for Ethical Decision Making -- Answer ✔✔ o Become aware of own
values
➢ Be familiar with nursing codes of ethics
➢ Respect values, opinions, responsibilities of others
➢ Seek opportunities for continuing education
➢ Participate in or establish ethics rounds
➢ Serve on institutional ethics committees
➢ Strive for collaborative practice
, 7) Advanced Directives (AD) -- Answer ✔✔ Formal written documents outlining
client's desires regarding:
➢ Use or withholding of hydration and/or total parenteral nutrition
➢ Resuscitation or intubation in life-threatening emergency
➢ Individual with authority to make decisions if client is incapacitated
Healthcare facilities are required to:
➢ Ask patients about AD
➢ Document in EHR on admission
8) Living Will & Power of Attorney -- Answer ✔✔ Living will
➢ Instructions about medical treatment
Durable power of attorney for healthcare
➢ Patient designates another person as healthcare surrogate
➢ Gives that person power to make healthcare decisions on behalf of
the patient if the patient unable to do so. (5 wishes form)
Most states require ADs to be witnessed by two people
➢ Most do not let relatives, heirs, or primary care providers be
witnesses
9) Role of the Nurse involved in Living Will & Power of Attorney -- Answer ✔✔ ·
Reassure clients and families they can change decision if competent
- Assess understanding of life-sustaining measures
- May be involved in assessing client's decision making capacity
- Nurses must understand what client's advance directive include
- Follow Institutional policies and procedures
10) Advocacy Concept -- Answer ✔✔ Advocacy is protecting by expressing and
defending the cause of another
11) Nursing Advocacy -- Answer ✔✔ · Safe guarding client's autonomy
- Acting on behalf of clients
- Championing social justice in the provision of healthcare
SOLUTIONS
1) Ethics Concept: -- Answer ✔✔ Ethics involves reflective consideration of
personal, societal and professional values, principles, and codes that shape nursing
practice. Ethical decision making requires applying an inclusive, holistic, systematic
process for identifying and synthesizing moral issues in health care and nursing
practice, and for acting as moral agents in caring for patients, families,
communities, societies, populations, and organizations
2) relate Ethic principle to the nursing profession -- Answer ✔✔ 1. Autonomy
• Self-determination- the clients right to self-determination to
choose their own care even if it is in conflict with our own beliefs
• Informed consent
2. Beneficence- doing what is right for the patient, doing good
3. Non-Maleficence
• Risk vs. benefit (out weight benefit from risk)
• Minimize danger
4. Justice- as nurses we care for everyone no matter race (economic status
gender sexual orientation or political affiliation)
• No discrimination
• Just allocation of resources
, 5. Veracity- you need to provide complete information to the client as well as
provide accurate and timely documentation
6. Dignity- insuring dignity for both patients and the providers or is an important
aspect for good outcomes
3) Explain the components of the ANA code of ethics. -- Answer ✔✔ American
Nurses Association Code of Ethics
general guidelines for how to behave when you're a member of the profession or
as a social contract with the public we serve
4) Examine and clarify personal beliefs, values, and attitudes and how they affect the
nurse‐patient relationship. -- Answer ✔✔ Ethical Decision Making
and Strategies for Ethical Decision Making
5) Ethical Decision Making -- Answer ✔✔ when there are conflicts between the
rights of the people involved their values obligations or their responsibilities
(between individuals or organization)
Goal: Arrive at decision that is in client's best interest, & preserves integrity of all
people involved.
➢ Ethical decision making is rational, systematic, based on ethical
principles and codes of ethics
➢ Not based on emotions, intuition, fixed policies, or precedent
➢ Usually involves: Client, Family, Other healthcare team members
➢ Collaboration, communication, compromise are needed
6) Strategies for Ethical Decision Making -- Answer ✔✔ o Become aware of own
values
➢ Be familiar with nursing codes of ethics
➢ Respect values, opinions, responsibilities of others
➢ Seek opportunities for continuing education
➢ Participate in or establish ethics rounds
➢ Serve on institutional ethics committees
➢ Strive for collaborative practice
, 7) Advanced Directives (AD) -- Answer ✔✔ Formal written documents outlining
client's desires regarding:
➢ Use or withholding of hydration and/or total parenteral nutrition
➢ Resuscitation or intubation in life-threatening emergency
➢ Individual with authority to make decisions if client is incapacitated
Healthcare facilities are required to:
➢ Ask patients about AD
➢ Document in EHR on admission
8) Living Will & Power of Attorney -- Answer ✔✔ Living will
➢ Instructions about medical treatment
Durable power of attorney for healthcare
➢ Patient designates another person as healthcare surrogate
➢ Gives that person power to make healthcare decisions on behalf of
the patient if the patient unable to do so. (5 wishes form)
Most states require ADs to be witnessed by two people
➢ Most do not let relatives, heirs, or primary care providers be
witnesses
9) Role of the Nurse involved in Living Will & Power of Attorney -- Answer ✔✔ ·
Reassure clients and families they can change decision if competent
- Assess understanding of life-sustaining measures
- May be involved in assessing client's decision making capacity
- Nurses must understand what client's advance directive include
- Follow Institutional policies and procedures
10) Advocacy Concept -- Answer ✔✔ Advocacy is protecting by expressing and
defending the cause of another
11) Nursing Advocacy -- Answer ✔✔ · Safe guarding client's autonomy
- Acting on behalf of clients
- Championing social justice in the provision of healthcare
