STAT1103 Final Exam Questions With
Accurate Answers
Science and Scientific practice - ANSWER Science: a framework to study
phenomena
Scientific practice: research question, hypotheses, operationalise, design,
collect data, analyse and draw conclusions
Must be objective, emprirical, replicable, public
Research methods and implications for conclusions dictated by methods -
ANSWER Longitudinal
Cross sectional
Experimental
Non-experimental
Survey
Observational
Nominal - ANSWER unordered, categorical
Ordinal - ANSWER being of a specified position or order, categorical
Interval - ANSWER numeric scale with consistent differences between points
Ratio - ANSWER numeric scale with consistent differences between points and
absolute zero
Elements of research
Sample:
Population: - ANSWER Sample: a representative selection from the population,
form whom you collect data
Population: the wider group you're interested in
Quantitative - ANSWER Data that is in numbers
Qualitative - ANSWER Data in the form of words
, What role do hypotheses play in research process? - ANSWER Hypothesis:
specific prediction you have that you want to test
Central to research Literature reviews are used to form them, designs are
constructed to generate data to evaluate them, statistics are used to formally
test them,r esults are used to support or refute them
What is involved in conducting empirical research? - ANSWER 1. Make an
observation
2. Review the literature, identify the theory (/ theories) that govern
3. Generate aims, RQ, and hypotheses
4. Design the study ― Select the appropriate study design ― Identify the
population, sample, and sampling method ― Identify how to measure your
constructs or phenomena (operationalise)
5. Obtain ethical approval for the study
6. Run the study, collect the data ― Recruit participants ― Disseminate the
survey / run the experiment / do the thing...
7. Analyse the data
8. Write up and disseminate the findings (e.g. academic paper)
Elements of a research report - ANSWER What prompted research?
What is the purpose?
What is the hypothesis?
How was it conducted?
What are the results?
what are the implications and how do findings integrate with literature?
Abstract Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
Research Ethics
Why are they important?
Governing principles - ANSWER Research ethics: ethical conduct in research,
including treatment of participants
Practical / professional ethics: ethical conduct of professional practice
1. Honesty
2. Rigour
3. Transparency
4. Fairness
5. Respect
Accurate Answers
Science and Scientific practice - ANSWER Science: a framework to study
phenomena
Scientific practice: research question, hypotheses, operationalise, design,
collect data, analyse and draw conclusions
Must be objective, emprirical, replicable, public
Research methods and implications for conclusions dictated by methods -
ANSWER Longitudinal
Cross sectional
Experimental
Non-experimental
Survey
Observational
Nominal - ANSWER unordered, categorical
Ordinal - ANSWER being of a specified position or order, categorical
Interval - ANSWER numeric scale with consistent differences between points
Ratio - ANSWER numeric scale with consistent differences between points and
absolute zero
Elements of research
Sample:
Population: - ANSWER Sample: a representative selection from the population,
form whom you collect data
Population: the wider group you're interested in
Quantitative - ANSWER Data that is in numbers
Qualitative - ANSWER Data in the form of words
, What role do hypotheses play in research process? - ANSWER Hypothesis:
specific prediction you have that you want to test
Central to research Literature reviews are used to form them, designs are
constructed to generate data to evaluate them, statistics are used to formally
test them,r esults are used to support or refute them
What is involved in conducting empirical research? - ANSWER 1. Make an
observation
2. Review the literature, identify the theory (/ theories) that govern
3. Generate aims, RQ, and hypotheses
4. Design the study ― Select the appropriate study design ― Identify the
population, sample, and sampling method ― Identify how to measure your
constructs or phenomena (operationalise)
5. Obtain ethical approval for the study
6. Run the study, collect the data ― Recruit participants ― Disseminate the
survey / run the experiment / do the thing...
7. Analyse the data
8. Write up and disseminate the findings (e.g. academic paper)
Elements of a research report - ANSWER What prompted research?
What is the purpose?
What is the hypothesis?
How was it conducted?
What are the results?
what are the implications and how do findings integrate with literature?
Abstract Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
Research Ethics
Why are they important?
Governing principles - ANSWER Research ethics: ethical conduct in research,
including treatment of participants
Practical / professional ethics: ethical conduct of professional practice
1. Honesty
2. Rigour
3. Transparency
4. Fairness
5. Respect
