NSG 530 Exam 3 (Latest )
Advanced Pathophysiology Questions and
Verified Answers 100% Correct (Grade A )-
Wilkes
Splanchnic blood flow- correct answer -Provides blood flow to esophagus, stomach,
small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen
Accesory organs of the digestive system- correct answer liver, gallbladder, pancreas
The liver is divided into- correct answer right and left lobes
Right liver lobe is then divided into ____ and _____- correct answer caudate and
quadrate lobes
Faliciform ligament- correct answer attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and
diaphragm
,Glisson's capsule- correct answer Fibrous capsule that encloses the liver
Blood supply to liver- correct answer hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein
Hepatocytes- correct answer functional cells of the liver, can regenerate
Immune functions of the liver- correct answer Kupffer cells-phagocytic, important for
healing after liver injury
Stellate cells- trap bacteria, remove foreign substances from blood
Natural killer cells-important in tumor defense
Disse space-drains interstitial fluid into hepatic lymph system
Kupffer cells- correct answer macrophages in the liver. Found in liver sinusoids and
re important for liver healing and liver injury. Bactericidal.
Bile- correct answer a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the
gallbladder. Alkaline, bitter tasting-yellowish/green fluid. 700-1200ml secreted per day
,Enterohepatic circulation- correct answer A continual recycling of compounds such as
bile acids between the small intestine and the liver.
Bile acid pool- correct answer Refers to the fact that most bile salts are recycled
They go through the pool 4-12x a day
Only 5% are lost in faeces, the remainder are reabsorbed in the terminal ileum
Primary bile salts- correct answer cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid
Secondary bile salts- correct answer deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid
Bilirubin- correct answer orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of
hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
Unconjugated bilirubin- correct answer breakdown product of heme, lipid soluble,
never in urine
Conjugated bilirubin- correct answer water soluble, excreted in bile
, Urobilinogen- correct answer reabsorbed in intestines and excreted in urine as
urobilin
Liver functions- correct answer Responsible for: The metabolism of fats, proteins, and
carbohydrates. Excretion of bilirubin, cholesterol, hormones, and drugs. Enzyme
activation. Storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals. Synthesis of plasma proteins,
such as albumin, and clotting factors. Blood detoxification and purification. Bile
production and secretion.
Gallbladder function- correct answer Store & concentrate bile produced by the liver
until it is needed in the small intestine
Pancreas- correct answer An organs in the abdominal cavity with two roles. The first
is an exocrine role: to produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, which are delivered
to the small intestine via the pancreatic duct. The second is an endocrine role: to
secrete insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to help regulate blood glucose
levels.
Advanced Pathophysiology Questions and
Verified Answers 100% Correct (Grade A )-
Wilkes
Splanchnic blood flow- correct answer -Provides blood flow to esophagus, stomach,
small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen
Accesory organs of the digestive system- correct answer liver, gallbladder, pancreas
The liver is divided into- correct answer right and left lobes
Right liver lobe is then divided into ____ and _____- correct answer caudate and
quadrate lobes
Faliciform ligament- correct answer attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and
diaphragm
,Glisson's capsule- correct answer Fibrous capsule that encloses the liver
Blood supply to liver- correct answer hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein
Hepatocytes- correct answer functional cells of the liver, can regenerate
Immune functions of the liver- correct answer Kupffer cells-phagocytic, important for
healing after liver injury
Stellate cells- trap bacteria, remove foreign substances from blood
Natural killer cells-important in tumor defense
Disse space-drains interstitial fluid into hepatic lymph system
Kupffer cells- correct answer macrophages in the liver. Found in liver sinusoids and
re important for liver healing and liver injury. Bactericidal.
Bile- correct answer a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the
gallbladder. Alkaline, bitter tasting-yellowish/green fluid. 700-1200ml secreted per day
,Enterohepatic circulation- correct answer A continual recycling of compounds such as
bile acids between the small intestine and the liver.
Bile acid pool- correct answer Refers to the fact that most bile salts are recycled
They go through the pool 4-12x a day
Only 5% are lost in faeces, the remainder are reabsorbed in the terminal ileum
Primary bile salts- correct answer cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid
Secondary bile salts- correct answer deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid
Bilirubin- correct answer orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of
hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
Unconjugated bilirubin- correct answer breakdown product of heme, lipid soluble,
never in urine
Conjugated bilirubin- correct answer water soluble, excreted in bile
, Urobilinogen- correct answer reabsorbed in intestines and excreted in urine as
urobilin
Liver functions- correct answer Responsible for: The metabolism of fats, proteins, and
carbohydrates. Excretion of bilirubin, cholesterol, hormones, and drugs. Enzyme
activation. Storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals. Synthesis of plasma proteins,
such as albumin, and clotting factors. Blood detoxification and purification. Bile
production and secretion.
Gallbladder function- correct answer Store & concentrate bile produced by the liver
until it is needed in the small intestine
Pancreas- correct answer An organs in the abdominal cavity with two roles. The first
is an exocrine role: to produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, which are delivered
to the small intestine via the pancreatic duct. The second is an endocrine role: to
secrete insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to help regulate blood glucose
levels.
