PEAT 2 SECTION 2 EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026
The patient who had a right cerebrovascular accident 3 days ago is preparing to perform a transfer.
The patient's posture while sitting on the edge of a bed is leaning excessively laterally to the left.
Which of the following interventions would MOST effectively address the impairment shown in the
photograph?
1.Ask the patient to find midline and acknowledge success with the task.
2.Provide strengthening exercises for the lateral trunk musculature.
3.Verbally instruct the patient to correct the trunk posture to an erect position.
4.Bring the patient into the vertical position by applying manual pressure on the left side of the trunk.
- Answers 1.Ask the patient to find midline and acknowledge success with the task.
1. The photograph depicts a patient who has pusher syndrome (ipsilateral pushing), which results
from a perceptual problem with the somatosensory cortices. Finding midline, reaching across midline,
and acknowledging success promotes relearning of the somatosensory system to begin to inherently
correct to a vertical position.
Which of the following heart valves is being auscultated in the photograph? The auscultation is being
performed at the fifth intercostal space along the navicular line.
1.Mitral
2.Aortic
3.Tricuspid
4.Pulmonary - Answers 1.Mitral
1. The mitral valve is auscultated at the fifth intercostal space along the midclavicular line.
2. The aortic valve is auscultated at the second intercostal space, right sternal border.
3. The tricuspid valve is auscultated at the fourth intercostal space, left sternal border.
4. The pulmonary valve is auscultated at the second intercostal space, left sternal border.
A patient who has chronic obstructive disease has a respiratory rate of 30 breaths/minute and
exhibits prominent use of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles during inspiration.
Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for the patient?
1.Incentive spirometry
2.Pursed-lip breathing
3.Segmental breathing
4.Glossopharyngeal breathing - Answers 2.Pursed-lip breathing
2. Pursed-lip breathing slows the respiratory rate. The patient has a rapid respiratory rate and overuse
of the inspiratory accessory muscles and would, therefore, benefit from techniques to slow down
respiration.
In a hiatal hernia, which of the following structures becomes entrapped?
1.Stomach
2.Esophagus
3.Small intestine
4.Large intestine - Answers 1.Stomach
1. A hiatal hernia occurs when the stomach protrudes through the cardiac or lower esophageal
sphincter
The exercise shown in the photograph is MOST likely to be prescribed for a patient who has which of
the following findings? The intervention in the photograph is a radial nerve stretch.
1.Decreased strength of the flexor carpi ulnaris
2.Decreased strength of the extensor carpi ulnaris
3.Diminished sensation in the lateral deltoid region
4.Diminished sensation in the palm and thumb, index finger, and middle finger (1st, 2nd, and 3rd
digits) - Answers 2.Decreased strength of the extensor carpi ulnaris
2. The intervention in the photograph is a radial nerve stretch. A possible finding with a radial nerve
mobility issue is decreased strength of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle, which is innervated by this
nerve.
, A patient who has a chronic T4 spinal cord injury (ASIA Impairment Scale A) has the vital signs shown
in the table. The patient MOST likely has which of the following conditions? The table shows the
patient's systolic blood pressure rising greater than 20 to 30 mm Hg during the therapy intervention.
1.Spinal shock
2.Autonomic dysreflexia
3.Orthostatic hypotension
4.Pulmonary embolism - Answers 2.Autonomic dysreflexia
A rise in systolic blood pressure of 20 to 30 mm Hg is one of the diagnostic indicators of an episode of
autonomic dysreflexia. Autonomic dysreflexia typically affects patients who have a spinal cord injury
above T6 and commonly occurs more than 3-6 months after the injury.
A patient reports experiencing pain that is worse when stepping out of bed or after prolonged
walking. The test shown in the photograph has a positive result. The patient MOST likely has which of
the following conditions? The photograph shows a positive windlass test.
1.Metatarsalgia
2.Morton neuroma
3.Plantar fasciitis
4.Sever disease - Answers 3.Plantar fasciitis
3. Plantar fasciitis is characterized by morning pain and pain with prolonged walking and is predicted
by a positive result on the windlass test, which is shown in the photograph
During weight bearing, initial compensation for fixed forefoot valgus is provided by:
1.rearfoot supination.
2.rearfoot pronation.
3.medial (internal) tibial rotation.
4.ankle dorsiflexion. - Answers 1.rearfoot supination.
1. Excessive midtarsal or subtalar supination is the common compensation for forefoot valgus.
Forefoot valgus means that the forefoot is everted relative to the rearfoot, which means that the
lateral side of the forefoot can't reach the ground. To compensate, the foot must supinate to raise the
medial arch, which lowers the lateral side of the foot.
Which of the following muscles should be strengthened in a patient who has an anterior trunk lean
during the foot flat (loading response) phase of gait?
1.Tibialis anterior
2.Iliopsoas
3.Quadriceps
4.Triceps surae - Answers 3.Quadriceps
1. Ankle dorsiflexion weakness can result in inadequate dorsiflexion control during the foot flat
(loading response) phase of gait (p. 308).
2. Hip flexor weakness typically results in gait deviations in the swing, not stance, phase of gait (p.
308).
3. Anterior trunk bending is commonly used to bring the line of force in front of the knee to
compensate for weak knee extensors (p. 307).
4. Triceps surae weakness can result in inadequate knee extension in stance (p. 308)
A patient has pain in the mid lower abdominal area and low back that is not of musculoskeletal origin.
Which of the following diagnoses is MOST likely?
1.Enlarged liver
2.Inflamed pancreas
3.Ruptured gallbladder
4.Dissecting aortic aneurysm - Answers 4.Dissecting aortic aneurysm
1. Liver pain is referred to the right shoulder, upper back, and chest and would not be consistent with
the lower abdominal pain (p. 352).
2. While pancreatic pain can refer to the middle or lower back, it tends to be in the epigastric and left
upper quadrant region, not in the lower abdomen (p. 321, 329).
The patient who had a right cerebrovascular accident 3 days ago is preparing to perform a transfer.
The patient's posture while sitting on the edge of a bed is leaning excessively laterally to the left.
Which of the following interventions would MOST effectively address the impairment shown in the
photograph?
1.Ask the patient to find midline and acknowledge success with the task.
2.Provide strengthening exercises for the lateral trunk musculature.
3.Verbally instruct the patient to correct the trunk posture to an erect position.
4.Bring the patient into the vertical position by applying manual pressure on the left side of the trunk.
- Answers 1.Ask the patient to find midline and acknowledge success with the task.
1. The photograph depicts a patient who has pusher syndrome (ipsilateral pushing), which results
from a perceptual problem with the somatosensory cortices. Finding midline, reaching across midline,
and acknowledging success promotes relearning of the somatosensory system to begin to inherently
correct to a vertical position.
Which of the following heart valves is being auscultated in the photograph? The auscultation is being
performed at the fifth intercostal space along the navicular line.
1.Mitral
2.Aortic
3.Tricuspid
4.Pulmonary - Answers 1.Mitral
1. The mitral valve is auscultated at the fifth intercostal space along the midclavicular line.
2. The aortic valve is auscultated at the second intercostal space, right sternal border.
3. The tricuspid valve is auscultated at the fourth intercostal space, left sternal border.
4. The pulmonary valve is auscultated at the second intercostal space, left sternal border.
A patient who has chronic obstructive disease has a respiratory rate of 30 breaths/minute and
exhibits prominent use of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles during inspiration.
Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for the patient?
1.Incentive spirometry
2.Pursed-lip breathing
3.Segmental breathing
4.Glossopharyngeal breathing - Answers 2.Pursed-lip breathing
2. Pursed-lip breathing slows the respiratory rate. The patient has a rapid respiratory rate and overuse
of the inspiratory accessory muscles and would, therefore, benefit from techniques to slow down
respiration.
In a hiatal hernia, which of the following structures becomes entrapped?
1.Stomach
2.Esophagus
3.Small intestine
4.Large intestine - Answers 1.Stomach
1. A hiatal hernia occurs when the stomach protrudes through the cardiac or lower esophageal
sphincter
The exercise shown in the photograph is MOST likely to be prescribed for a patient who has which of
the following findings? The intervention in the photograph is a radial nerve stretch.
1.Decreased strength of the flexor carpi ulnaris
2.Decreased strength of the extensor carpi ulnaris
3.Diminished sensation in the lateral deltoid region
4.Diminished sensation in the palm and thumb, index finger, and middle finger (1st, 2nd, and 3rd
digits) - Answers 2.Decreased strength of the extensor carpi ulnaris
2. The intervention in the photograph is a radial nerve stretch. A possible finding with a radial nerve
mobility issue is decreased strength of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle, which is innervated by this
nerve.
, A patient who has a chronic T4 spinal cord injury (ASIA Impairment Scale A) has the vital signs shown
in the table. The patient MOST likely has which of the following conditions? The table shows the
patient's systolic blood pressure rising greater than 20 to 30 mm Hg during the therapy intervention.
1.Spinal shock
2.Autonomic dysreflexia
3.Orthostatic hypotension
4.Pulmonary embolism - Answers 2.Autonomic dysreflexia
A rise in systolic blood pressure of 20 to 30 mm Hg is one of the diagnostic indicators of an episode of
autonomic dysreflexia. Autonomic dysreflexia typically affects patients who have a spinal cord injury
above T6 and commonly occurs more than 3-6 months after the injury.
A patient reports experiencing pain that is worse when stepping out of bed or after prolonged
walking. The test shown in the photograph has a positive result. The patient MOST likely has which of
the following conditions? The photograph shows a positive windlass test.
1.Metatarsalgia
2.Morton neuroma
3.Plantar fasciitis
4.Sever disease - Answers 3.Plantar fasciitis
3. Plantar fasciitis is characterized by morning pain and pain with prolonged walking and is predicted
by a positive result on the windlass test, which is shown in the photograph
During weight bearing, initial compensation for fixed forefoot valgus is provided by:
1.rearfoot supination.
2.rearfoot pronation.
3.medial (internal) tibial rotation.
4.ankle dorsiflexion. - Answers 1.rearfoot supination.
1. Excessive midtarsal or subtalar supination is the common compensation for forefoot valgus.
Forefoot valgus means that the forefoot is everted relative to the rearfoot, which means that the
lateral side of the forefoot can't reach the ground. To compensate, the foot must supinate to raise the
medial arch, which lowers the lateral side of the foot.
Which of the following muscles should be strengthened in a patient who has an anterior trunk lean
during the foot flat (loading response) phase of gait?
1.Tibialis anterior
2.Iliopsoas
3.Quadriceps
4.Triceps surae - Answers 3.Quadriceps
1. Ankle dorsiflexion weakness can result in inadequate dorsiflexion control during the foot flat
(loading response) phase of gait (p. 308).
2. Hip flexor weakness typically results in gait deviations in the swing, not stance, phase of gait (p.
308).
3. Anterior trunk bending is commonly used to bring the line of force in front of the knee to
compensate for weak knee extensors (p. 307).
4. Triceps surae weakness can result in inadequate knee extension in stance (p. 308)
A patient has pain in the mid lower abdominal area and low back that is not of musculoskeletal origin.
Which of the following diagnoses is MOST likely?
1.Enlarged liver
2.Inflamed pancreas
3.Ruptured gallbladder
4.Dissecting aortic aneurysm - Answers 4.Dissecting aortic aneurysm
1. Liver pain is referred to the right shoulder, upper back, and chest and would not be consistent with
the lower abdominal pain (p. 352).
2. While pancreatic pain can refer to the middle or lower back, it tends to be in the epigastric and left
upper quadrant region, not in the lower abdomen (p. 321, 329).
