MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 1 (CONNECT MCGRAW
HILL) NEWEST EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST
EXAM UPDATE GRADED A+
Biological vector - ✔✔✔ correct answer > disease-carrying organism, such
as a rat, mosquito, or fly, that spreads infectious disease (i.e. Lyme
disease)
Parenteral route - ✔✔✔ correct answer > deposited directly into tissues when
barriers are penetrated (i.e. Sharing needles)
Vehicle transmission - ✔✔✔ correct answer > transmission by an inanimate
reservoir (food, water, air)
Virulence factors - ✔✔✔ correct answer > traits used to invade and establish
themselves in the host, also determine the degree of tissue damage that
occurs - severity of disease (i.e toxins, enzymes, capsules)
Page 1 of 19
,Microbial antagonism - ✔✔✔ correct answer > bacterial flora benefit host by
preventing overgrowth of harmful microbes
Incubation period - ✔✔✔ correct answer > interval between initial infection
and first signs and symptoms
Propagated epidemic - ✔✔✔ correct answer > results from an infectious
agent that is communicable from person to person and is sustained over
time in a population (seasonal influenza)
Endogenous infection - ✔✔✔ correct answer > occurs if normal microbiota
enter sterile tissue
Fimbrae - ✔✔✔ correct answer > short appendages: structures on the surface
of bacteria used for adhesion; increase virulence. Allow cells to colonize
host tissues and participate in biofilm production
Pathogenicity - ✔✔✔ correct answer > ability of a microorganism to cause
disease
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, Virulence - ✔✔✔ correct answer > degree of pathogenicity
Opportunistic pathogens - ✔✔✔ correct answer > not usually pathogenic
to healthy persons with normal immune system functions because
these microbes do not have well-developed virulence factors (i.e
candida or pseudomonas)
What are some advantages to the technology related to infectious disease
that was developed in the 20th century? - ✔✔✔ correct answer > ability to
determine the causative agents of new or unknown diseases, to detect
infectious diseases that were previously difficult to diagnose, to design
drugs that target molecular pathways in infectious agents, and to produce
mass quantities of effective viral vaccines.
What three endeavors in the 20th century led to drastic reductions in the
mortality from infectious disease in the united states? - ✔✔✔ correct answer
> improvements in sanitation & hygiene practices, childhood vaccination
programs, and the discovery and development of antimicrobial drugs
Page 3 of 19
HILL) NEWEST EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST
EXAM UPDATE GRADED A+
Biological vector - ✔✔✔ correct answer > disease-carrying organism, such
as a rat, mosquito, or fly, that spreads infectious disease (i.e. Lyme
disease)
Parenteral route - ✔✔✔ correct answer > deposited directly into tissues when
barriers are penetrated (i.e. Sharing needles)
Vehicle transmission - ✔✔✔ correct answer > transmission by an inanimate
reservoir (food, water, air)
Virulence factors - ✔✔✔ correct answer > traits used to invade and establish
themselves in the host, also determine the degree of tissue damage that
occurs - severity of disease (i.e toxins, enzymes, capsules)
Page 1 of 19
,Microbial antagonism - ✔✔✔ correct answer > bacterial flora benefit host by
preventing overgrowth of harmful microbes
Incubation period - ✔✔✔ correct answer > interval between initial infection
and first signs and symptoms
Propagated epidemic - ✔✔✔ correct answer > results from an infectious
agent that is communicable from person to person and is sustained over
time in a population (seasonal influenza)
Endogenous infection - ✔✔✔ correct answer > occurs if normal microbiota
enter sterile tissue
Fimbrae - ✔✔✔ correct answer > short appendages: structures on the surface
of bacteria used for adhesion; increase virulence. Allow cells to colonize
host tissues and participate in biofilm production
Pathogenicity - ✔✔✔ correct answer > ability of a microorganism to cause
disease
Page 2 of 19
, Virulence - ✔✔✔ correct answer > degree of pathogenicity
Opportunistic pathogens - ✔✔✔ correct answer > not usually pathogenic
to healthy persons with normal immune system functions because
these microbes do not have well-developed virulence factors (i.e
candida or pseudomonas)
What are some advantages to the technology related to infectious disease
that was developed in the 20th century? - ✔✔✔ correct answer > ability to
determine the causative agents of new or unknown diseases, to detect
infectious diseases that were previously difficult to diagnose, to design
drugs that target molecular pathways in infectious agents, and to produce
mass quantities of effective viral vaccines.
What three endeavors in the 20th century led to drastic reductions in the
mortality from infectious disease in the united states? - ✔✔✔ correct answer
> improvements in sanitation & hygiene practices, childhood vaccination
programs, and the discovery and development of antimicrobial drugs
Page 3 of 19
