Headache (Cephalalgia)
1. Definition
A headache is defined as pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck area. It is a symptom of an
underlying condition rather than a disease itself, resulting from the stimulation of pain-sensitive
structures in the head (such as cranial nerves, blood vessels, and muscles).
2. Types of Headache
Headaches are generally classified into two main categories:
• Primary Headaches: Not caused by an underlying disease.
• Migraine: Intense, throbbing pain, usually on one side.
• Tension-type: Most common; feels like a tight band around the head.
• Cluster Headache: Severe pain around one eye, occurring in cyclical patterns.
• Secondary Headaches: Caused by an underlying condition (e.g., Meningitis, Brain tumor,
Hypertension, or Head injury).
3. Risk Factors & Causes
• Stress and Anxiety: Emotional triggers are the most common cause.
• Dietary Factors: Alcohol (especially red wine), caffeine withdrawal, or foods containing
MSG/nitrates.
• Environmental Factors: Loud noises, bright lights, or strong odors.
• Hormonal Changes: Common in women during menstruation or menopause.
• Medical Conditions: Hypertension, Sinusitis, or Cervical Spondylosis.
• Sleep Deprivation: Irregular sleep patterns or insomnia.
1. Definition
A headache is defined as pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck area. It is a symptom of an
underlying condition rather than a disease itself, resulting from the stimulation of pain-sensitive
structures in the head (such as cranial nerves, blood vessels, and muscles).
2. Types of Headache
Headaches are generally classified into two main categories:
• Primary Headaches: Not caused by an underlying disease.
• Migraine: Intense, throbbing pain, usually on one side.
• Tension-type: Most common; feels like a tight band around the head.
• Cluster Headache: Severe pain around one eye, occurring in cyclical patterns.
• Secondary Headaches: Caused by an underlying condition (e.g., Meningitis, Brain tumor,
Hypertension, or Head injury).
3. Risk Factors & Causes
• Stress and Anxiety: Emotional triggers are the most common cause.
• Dietary Factors: Alcohol (especially red wine), caffeine withdrawal, or foods containing
MSG/nitrates.
• Environmental Factors: Loud noises, bright lights, or strong odors.
• Hormonal Changes: Common in women during menstruation or menopause.
• Medical Conditions: Hypertension, Sinusitis, or Cervical Spondylosis.
• Sleep Deprivation: Irregular sleep patterns or insomnia.
