BIOLOGY 1105 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
\.Biology - ANSWERS-The science of living systems
\.Science - ANSWERS-The systematic study of the natural world through
observation and reading
\.What does the investigation of living systems involve? - ANSWERS-Chemistry,
Physics, Mathematics, and Statistics
\.Why is chemistry so important to biology? - ANSWERS-Living organisms are the
most complex chemical systems on earth.
\.What do living systems share? - ANSWERS-1. living systems consist of cells
(structure of cell is based on function)
2. living systems store and process information
3. living systems transform energy (photosynthetic organisms-->non-
photosynthetic organisms depend on photosynthetic organisms)
4. living systems grow and reproduce
5. living systems adapt and evolve (natural selection)
\.What unifies the field of Biology? - ANSWERS-The theory of evolution
,\.What is the scientific theory? - ANSWERS-An organizing framework of concepts
and hypotheses that have consistently been supported by the scientific method
and experimental evidence.
\.What are the observable features that create diversity in form and function? -
ANSWERS-Phenotype
\.What is phenotype determined by? - ANSWERS-An organisms genetic material
(its genotype) and environmental influences
\.How are organisms classified? - ANSWERS-phenotype or genotype
-Was heavily influenced by phenotypic comparisons, but is switching over to
genotype because genotypic comparisons have become easier and more
accessible recently
It is done within the fields of taxonomy and systematics
\.taxonomy - ANSWERS-The classification and naming of organisms
\.systematics - ANSWERS-Examines the evolutionary relationships between
organisms
\.Why is the classification of organisms important? - ANSWERS-1. It facilitates the
study of life
2. Facilitates communication between biologists
,\.What are taxonomic ranks? - ANSWERS-The system used to classify the
organisms:
-each organism is named according to a binomial system- genus species (italicized)
\.DKPCOFGS - ANSWERS-taxonomic ranks
\.species - ANSWERS-The most basic taxonomic rank
\.genus - ANSWERS-The next highest taxonomic rank after species--describes a
group of very closely related organisms
\.By whom and when did the system of taxonomic rank come about? - ANSWERS-
In the 1700's by Carolus Linnaeus
\.Each organism is part of an increasingly larger series of ranks. What are the
ranks? - ANSWERS-Rank: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species
Mnemonic: Do keep plates clean or family gets sick
\.What is the taxonomic rank of humans? - ANSWERS-Eukaryota, animalia,
chordata, mammalia, primate, hominidae, homo, sapiens
\.Do all organisms descend from a common ancestor? - ANSWERS-Yes
, \.In what other ways can phenotypes and genotypes be used? - ANSWERS-to
identify the evolutionary relationships between organisms
\.What does a phenotypic tree do? - ANSWERS-It helps deduce the evolutionary
relationships by looking at the differences in the amino acid sequence of the
hemoglobin protein
Can also reveal the evolutionary connection between organisms
\.phenotypic tree - ANSWERS-vertical lines- branches
root/base- most recent common ancestor
\.Cell Theory - ANSWERS-1. All organisms are composed of cells
2. Cells are the smallest living things
3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells
-->All cells today represent a continuous line of descent from the first living cell
\.What are the hierarchies that living systems are organized in? - ANSWERS-Atom--
>molecule-->macromolecule-->organelle-->cell-->tissue-->organ-->organ system--
>organism-->population-->community-->ecosystem-->biosphere
Each level of the hierarchy exhibits emergent properties
\.emergent properties - ANSWERS--result from the interaction of components
-cannot be deduced by looking at the parts themselves
-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
\.Biology - ANSWERS-The science of living systems
\.Science - ANSWERS-The systematic study of the natural world through
observation and reading
\.What does the investigation of living systems involve? - ANSWERS-Chemistry,
Physics, Mathematics, and Statistics
\.Why is chemistry so important to biology? - ANSWERS-Living organisms are the
most complex chemical systems on earth.
\.What do living systems share? - ANSWERS-1. living systems consist of cells
(structure of cell is based on function)
2. living systems store and process information
3. living systems transform energy (photosynthetic organisms-->non-
photosynthetic organisms depend on photosynthetic organisms)
4. living systems grow and reproduce
5. living systems adapt and evolve (natural selection)
\.What unifies the field of Biology? - ANSWERS-The theory of evolution
,\.What is the scientific theory? - ANSWERS-An organizing framework of concepts
and hypotheses that have consistently been supported by the scientific method
and experimental evidence.
\.What are the observable features that create diversity in form and function? -
ANSWERS-Phenotype
\.What is phenotype determined by? - ANSWERS-An organisms genetic material
(its genotype) and environmental influences
\.How are organisms classified? - ANSWERS-phenotype or genotype
-Was heavily influenced by phenotypic comparisons, but is switching over to
genotype because genotypic comparisons have become easier and more
accessible recently
It is done within the fields of taxonomy and systematics
\.taxonomy - ANSWERS-The classification and naming of organisms
\.systematics - ANSWERS-Examines the evolutionary relationships between
organisms
\.Why is the classification of organisms important? - ANSWERS-1. It facilitates the
study of life
2. Facilitates communication between biologists
,\.What are taxonomic ranks? - ANSWERS-The system used to classify the
organisms:
-each organism is named according to a binomial system- genus species (italicized)
\.DKPCOFGS - ANSWERS-taxonomic ranks
\.species - ANSWERS-The most basic taxonomic rank
\.genus - ANSWERS-The next highest taxonomic rank after species--describes a
group of very closely related organisms
\.By whom and when did the system of taxonomic rank come about? - ANSWERS-
In the 1700's by Carolus Linnaeus
\.Each organism is part of an increasingly larger series of ranks. What are the
ranks? - ANSWERS-Rank: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species
Mnemonic: Do keep plates clean or family gets sick
\.What is the taxonomic rank of humans? - ANSWERS-Eukaryota, animalia,
chordata, mammalia, primate, hominidae, homo, sapiens
\.Do all organisms descend from a common ancestor? - ANSWERS-Yes
, \.In what other ways can phenotypes and genotypes be used? - ANSWERS-to
identify the evolutionary relationships between organisms
\.What does a phenotypic tree do? - ANSWERS-It helps deduce the evolutionary
relationships by looking at the differences in the amino acid sequence of the
hemoglobin protein
Can also reveal the evolutionary connection between organisms
\.phenotypic tree - ANSWERS-vertical lines- branches
root/base- most recent common ancestor
\.Cell Theory - ANSWERS-1. All organisms are composed of cells
2. Cells are the smallest living things
3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells
-->All cells today represent a continuous line of descent from the first living cell
\.What are the hierarchies that living systems are organized in? - ANSWERS-Atom--
>molecule-->macromolecule-->organelle-->cell-->tissue-->organ-->organ system--
>organism-->population-->community-->ecosystem-->biosphere
Each level of the hierarchy exhibits emergent properties
\.emergent properties - ANSWERS--result from the interaction of components
-cannot be deduced by looking at the parts themselves
-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
