BIOS 256 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What is defecation? - answers - elimination of feces
What is the defecation reflex? - answers - an involuntary response of the lower bowels
promoting or even inhibiting a bowel movement.
What is degluition? - answers - swallowing
What is mastication? - answers - chewing
What is peristalsis? - answers - the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the
muscles of the intestine
What is segmentation? - answers - ring like constrictions in several places along the
intestines
What is the product of chief cells? - answers - pepsinogen
What is the product of enteroendocrine cells? - answers - serotonin
What is the product of parietal cells? - answers - hydrochloric acid (hcl)
What do chief cells secrete? - answers - pepsinogen and gastric lipase
Where are chief cells absent? - answers - cardial and pyloric glands
Where are chief cells found? - answers - gastric glands
What do enteroendocrine cells secrete? - answers - hormones and paracrine
messengers that regulate digestion
Where are enteroendocrine cells found? - answers - all regions of the stomach, most
abundant in gastric and pyloric glands
What do parietal cells secrete? - answers - hcl, intrinsic factor, ghrelin
Where are parietal cells found? - answers - mostly gastric glands and a few pyloric
glands
What are the main organs of the digestive system? - answers - mouth, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
, What are the accessory organs of the digestive system? - answers - teeth, tongue,
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
What are the functions of the digestive system? - answers - ingestion, digestion,
absorption, compaction, defecation
What are the functions of the small intestine? - answers - mix chyme with digestive
juices, bring food in contact with mucosa for absorption, complete digestion of
macromolecules
What are the functions of the large intestine? - answers - absorb salts and water from
the materials that havent been digested, motility (haustral contractions)
Where does the small intestine receive enzymes from? - answers - pancreas and liver
What does pepsin do? - answers - breaks down proteins
Where does pepsin break proteins? - answers - stomach
What are the functions of bile? - answers - carry away waste, break down fats during
digestion
What are bile acids? - answers - steroids synthesized from cholesterol
What is derived from the decomposition of hemoglobin? - answers - bilirubin
Bacteria metabolize bilirubin into ____ - answers - urobilinogen
Urobilinogen is converted to ___ - answers - urobilin
Urobilinogen in the intestines gets converted to ___ - answers - sterocobilin
Bile acids, micelles, and lecithin aid in fat ____ and ____ - answers - digestion,
absorption
What gives urine a yellow color? - answers - urobilin
What gives feces a brown color? - answers - stercobilin
What are the carbohydrate enzymes in the oral cavity and stomach - answers - salivary
amylase
Where is salivary amylase produced? - answers - oral cavity
ANSWERS
What is defecation? - answers - elimination of feces
What is the defecation reflex? - answers - an involuntary response of the lower bowels
promoting or even inhibiting a bowel movement.
What is degluition? - answers - swallowing
What is mastication? - answers - chewing
What is peristalsis? - answers - the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the
muscles of the intestine
What is segmentation? - answers - ring like constrictions in several places along the
intestines
What is the product of chief cells? - answers - pepsinogen
What is the product of enteroendocrine cells? - answers - serotonin
What is the product of parietal cells? - answers - hydrochloric acid (hcl)
What do chief cells secrete? - answers - pepsinogen and gastric lipase
Where are chief cells absent? - answers - cardial and pyloric glands
Where are chief cells found? - answers - gastric glands
What do enteroendocrine cells secrete? - answers - hormones and paracrine
messengers that regulate digestion
Where are enteroendocrine cells found? - answers - all regions of the stomach, most
abundant in gastric and pyloric glands
What do parietal cells secrete? - answers - hcl, intrinsic factor, ghrelin
Where are parietal cells found? - answers - mostly gastric glands and a few pyloric
glands
What are the main organs of the digestive system? - answers - mouth, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
, What are the accessory organs of the digestive system? - answers - teeth, tongue,
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
What are the functions of the digestive system? - answers - ingestion, digestion,
absorption, compaction, defecation
What are the functions of the small intestine? - answers - mix chyme with digestive
juices, bring food in contact with mucosa for absorption, complete digestion of
macromolecules
What are the functions of the large intestine? - answers - absorb salts and water from
the materials that havent been digested, motility (haustral contractions)
Where does the small intestine receive enzymes from? - answers - pancreas and liver
What does pepsin do? - answers - breaks down proteins
Where does pepsin break proteins? - answers - stomach
What are the functions of bile? - answers - carry away waste, break down fats during
digestion
What are bile acids? - answers - steroids synthesized from cholesterol
What is derived from the decomposition of hemoglobin? - answers - bilirubin
Bacteria metabolize bilirubin into ____ - answers - urobilinogen
Urobilinogen is converted to ___ - answers - urobilin
Urobilinogen in the intestines gets converted to ___ - answers - sterocobilin
Bile acids, micelles, and lecithin aid in fat ____ and ____ - answers - digestion,
absorption
What gives urine a yellow color? - answers - urobilin
What gives feces a brown color? - answers - stercobilin
What are the carbohydrate enzymes in the oral cavity and stomach - answers - salivary
amylase
Where is salivary amylase produced? - answers - oral cavity
