NCLEX RN pharmacology EXAM A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

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HESI NCLEX RN: Pharmacology 2026 A+ GRADE ASSUR
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ED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (3
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1EAC)




QUESTION 1 zm




An older client is receiving a water-
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soluble drug that is more than the average dose for a young adult. Which action shoul
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d the nurse implement first?
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A. Obtain a prescription for lower medication dosages.
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B. Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.
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C. Start IV fluids to decrease the serum drug levels.
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D. Hold the next dosage and notify the health care provider.
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ANSWER

B. Determine the drug's serum levels for toxicity.
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QUESTION 2 zm




The nurse is preparing a child for transport to the operating room for an emergency
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appendectomy. The anesthesiologist prescribes atropine sulfate, IM STAT. What is the
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primary purpose for administering this drug to the child at this time?
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A. Decrease the oral secretions.
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B. Reduce the child's anxiety.
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C. Potentiate the opioid effects.
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D. Prevent possible peritonitis.
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ANSWER

A. Decrease the oral secretions.
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QUESTION 3 zm




A client who is experiencing an acute attack of gouty arthritis is prescribed colchicine
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USP, 1 mg PO daily. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide th
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,e client?
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A. Take the medication with meals.
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B. Limit fluid intake until the attack subsides.
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C. Stop the medication when the pain resolves.
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D. Report any vomiting to the clinic.
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ANSWER

D. Report any vomiting to the clinic. Rationale:The client should be instructed to report signs of colc
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hicine toxicity, such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain, to the health care provide
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r. Food inhibits the absorption of colchicine when ingested concurrently. Limited fluid intake decreas
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es the excretion of the uric acid crystals, which contributes to painful attacks. Typically, a client sho
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uld remain on a daily dose of colchicine to decrease the number and severity of acute attacks, so st
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opping the medication after the pain resolves is not indicated.
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QUESTION 4 zm




A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat ulcerative col
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itis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client prior to discharge?
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A. Maintain good oral hygiene.
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B. Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal.
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C. Discontinue use of the drug gradually.
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D. Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day.
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ANSWER

D. Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day. Adequate hydration is important for all sulfa drugs bec
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ause they can crystallize in the urine. If possible, the drug should be taken after eating to provide lo
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nger intestinal transit time. Option A is important for other medications, such as phenytoin, because
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mof the incidence of gingival hyperplasia, and option C is important for steroid administration, but op
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tion D is most important to stress with this client.
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QUESTION 5 zm




In addition to nitrate therapy, a client is receiving nifedipine, 10 mg PO every 6 hours
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. The nurse should plan to observe for which common side effect of this treatment reg
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imen?
A. Hypotension
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B. Hyperkalemia
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C. Hypocalcemia
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D. Seizures
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ANSWER

A. Hypotension Rationale:Nifedipine reduces peripheral vascular resistance and nitrates produce vaso
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dilation, so concurrent use of nitrates with nifedipine can cause hypotension with the initial adminis
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tration of these agents. Options B, C, and D are not side effects of this treatment regimen.
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, QUESTION 6 zm




During administration of theophylline, the nurse should monitor for signs of toxicity.
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Which symptom would cause the nurse to suspect theophylline toxicity?
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A. Dry mouth
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B. Urinary retention
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C. Restlessness
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D. Sedation
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ANSWER

C. Restlessness Rationale:Restlessness is a sign of theophylline intoxication. Other signs of toxicity ar
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e anorexia, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and seizures. Options A, B, and D a
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re common side effects of antihistamines but do not indicate theophylline intoxication.
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QUESTION 7 zm




A 2-month-
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old infant is scheduled to receive the first DPT immunization. What is the preferred i
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njection site to administer this immunization?
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A. Dorsal gluteal
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B. Vastus lateralis
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C. Ventral gluteal
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D. Deltoid
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ANSWER

B. Vastus lateralis Rationale:The preferred intramuscular site for children younger than 2 years is th
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e vastus lateralis. Options A, C, and D are not preferred injection sites for the infant at 2 months of
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age.



QUESTION 8 zm




Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client who is rec
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eiving phenytoin for seizure control?
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A. Maintain consistent sodium intake.
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B. Use sunscreen when outdoors.
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C. Return for monthly urinalysis.
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D. Brush and floss teeth daily.
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ANSWER

D. Brush and floss teeth daily. Rationale: Brushing and flossing the teeth daily prevent gingival hype
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rplasia (gum disease) that is common with long-
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term phenytoin therapy. Options A, B, and C are not indicated for client instruction regarding pheny
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toin.



QUESTION 9 zm