FCCS fundamental critical care support EXAM A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

CRITICAL CARE EXAM zm zm




Exam Solutionzm




FCCS (Fundamentals of Critical Care Support) 2026 A+
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GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIE
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D ANSWERS (46C8B)
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QUESTION 1 zm




Term
ANSWER

Definition



QUESTION 2 zm




What is the single most important indicator in critical illness?
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ANSWER

tachypnea



QUESTION 3 zm




Beck's Triad zm




ANSWER

hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds - a/w cardiac tamponade
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QUESTION 4 zm




What is the thyromental distance?
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ANSWER

It is the distance in finger breadths between the anterior prominence of the thyroid cartilage (adam'
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s apple) and the tip of the mandible (chin). It is an estimate of the length of the mandible and the
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available space anterior to the larynx
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,QUESTION 5 zm




What does it mean when the thyromental space is < 3 fingerbreadths?
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ANSWER

- approx 6 cm -
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indicates the larynx might be more anterior and therefore difficult to visualize during laryngoscopy
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** a more acute angulation of the stylet at the distal end of the endotracheal tube may be helpful.
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QUESTION 6 zm




Patient is apneic w/ a pulse. What do you do?
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ANSWER

Bag them. - One handed bag compressions should be delivered 10-
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20 times per min. Each compression should take place over 1 second. ** If patient starts spontaneou
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sly breathing, try to be synchronous with their respiratory efforts. ** If/once the patient is breathing
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easily and adequate Vt are being inhaled, enough to produce minute ventilation, stop bagging.
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QUESTION 7 zm




What is the goal of manual mask ventilation?
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ANSWER

to provide adequate minute ventilation: the product of the tidal volume delivered during each resusc
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itation bag compression and the number of compressions per min. ** The total gas volume within m
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ost adult resus bags is 1 to 1.5 LITERS
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QUESTION 8 zm




Bag mask should be connected to ________% oxygen and flow at a rate of _______
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ANSWER

100% oxygen at a rate of 15L/min
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QUESTION 9 zm




HFNC
ANSWER

- Uses up to 100% oxygen source - Provides higher amounts of FIO2 (0.32-
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1.0) in patients with high minute ventilation requirements by matching patient's inspiratory demand
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s and minimizing air dilution -
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,zm These devices also can generate PEEP (that is difficult to measure; can cause barotrauma in theory)
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zm - Flow rates up to 60L/min - heated and humidified oxygen
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QUESTION 10 zm




NRB
ANSWER

- AKA Reservoir Face Mask - Bag is filled with 100% oxygen from a supply source (tank) -
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The flow rate must be adjusted so that the bag remains completely or partially distended througho
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ut the respiratory cycle -
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When the mask is properly applied, oxygen delivery can be maximized but rarely exceeds a FIO2 of
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0.6 to 0.9 - One way flap valves minimize entrapment of room air which dilutes FiO2 -
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NRB is a high oxygen high, flow device. -
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non humidified oxygen ** commonly used to improve oxygenation in patients with severe hypoxemi
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a until further eval and treatments are accomplished.
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QUESTION 11 zm




Aerosol Face Mask zm zm




ANSWER

-
This mask has large side holes, the mask itself is attached to large bore tubing to a nebulize that b
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lends 100% oxygen and room air to deliver a PRESET FIO2 level (done by dial on oxygen adapter) -
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If the entire aerosol mist disappears from the mask during. inhalation, the patient's inspiratory flow
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demands are probably exceeding the capacity of the nebulizer and room air is being entrained. -
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minimum flow rate = 8L/min - Max FIO2 = 40-60% - This is a variable oxygen, moderate-
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flow device. zm




QUESTION 12 zm




Simple Face Mask zm zm




ANSWER

- minimum flow rate: 6L/min (to clear CO2 from mask) - humidified O2 -
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Approx. concentrations L to FIO2 ratios: 6L = 40% 7L = 50% 8L = 60%
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QUESTION 13 zm




Venturi Face Mask zm zm




ANSWER

- aka air entrainment face mask -
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delivers O2 through a jet mixing device that increases the velocity of oxygen and causes a controlle
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, d entrainment -
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the FiO2 can be more precisely controlled from .24 to .5 (24% to 50%) at high flow rates simply
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my selecting the interchangeable nozzle and adjusting the O2 flow rate -
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this is a high flow, controlled oxygen device.
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QUESTION 14 zm




Nasal Cannula flow rate to FIO2 estimates if RR and tidal volumes are normal
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ANSWER

1L = 24% 2L = 28% 3L = 32% 4L = 36% 5L = 40% 6L = 44%
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QUESTION 15 zm




NPPV uses two levels of positive airway pressure, combining modalities of pressure su
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pport ventilation and what?
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ANSWER

CPAP



QUESTION 16 zm




What is CPAP? zm zm




ANSWER

continuous positive airway pressure - zm zm zm zm



Allows spontaneous breathing from a gas source at an elevated baseline system pressure (higher th
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an atmospheric pressure) - Functionally equivalent to PEEP.
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QUESTION 17 zm




By convention, PSV mode is referred to as _______ and CPAP is referred to as _______ whe
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n talking about NPPV/BIPAP
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ANSWER

PSV = IPAP CPAP = EPAP The difference between these two numbers determines the tidal volume g
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enerated.



QUESTION 18 zm




What are the goals of NPPV?
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ANSWER