IT2 Networking / TCP-IP Advancement hard
Exam 2 Questions and Answers with
Rationale Latest Versions 2026 Top Rated A+
Question 1
Which statement best describes TCP?
A. TCP is connectionless and uses unreliable delivery
B. TCP is connection-oriented and provides reliable, ordered delivery
C. TCP uses message boundaries and guarantees no retransmissions are
needed
D. TCP runs only over UDP ports and cannot be routed
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: TCP establishes a connection, ensures reliability via
ACKs/retransmissions, and preserves ordering with sequence numbers.
A is UDP-like. C is incorrect because TCP may retransmit. D is wrong
because TCP uses ports over IP and is routable.
Question 2
A client sends a packet and receives no response. Which TCP
mechanism most directly handles delivery reliability?
A. Flow control using windowing
B. IP fragmentation
C. ARP resolution
D. Checksum offload
,✅ Answer: A
Rationale: Flow control (receiver window) is part of TCP’s
reliability/robustness in managing what can be sent. IP
fragmentation/ARP/checksum offload don’t provide end-to-end delivery
reliability.
Question 3
What is the primary purpose of the TCP three-way handshake?
A. Encrypt the session keys
B. Establish and synchronize sequence numbers, and confirm readiness
C. Allocate a static route through the network
D. Negotiate IP options only
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: The handshake synchronizes initial sequence numbers and
confirms both sides are ready to communicate. It doesn’t encrypt by
itself (that’s typically TLS). Routes are handled by IP.
Question 4
During TCP connection setup, which flag is sent in the first handshake
message by the client?
A. ACK
B. SYN
C. FIN
D. RST
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: Client initiates with SYN, server replies with SYN-ACK,
and client finishes with ACK.
,Question 5
If a receiver gets out-of-order segments, TCP uses what to maintain
application ordering?
A. UDP checksum
B. Sequence numbers and reassembly in-order delivery logic
C. ICMP redirects
D. IP TTL
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: TCP sequence numbers allow correct ordering and
reassembly, while the TCP stack delivers data to the application in the
correct order.
Question 6
Which field in the TCP header is most directly used to indicate the
location of data within the byte stream?
A. Window size
B. Sequence number
C. Fragment offset
D. TTL
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: The TCP Sequence Number identifies where bytes belong
in the stream. TTL is IP. Fragment offset is IP. Window size is flow
control.
Question 7
, A host receives a TCP segment with a port number that doesn’t have an
application listening. What is the likely result?
A. The segment is silently dropped without any response
B. The host sends an ICMP error for each missing port
C. The host responds with a TCP RST (reset)
D. The host forwards it using the routing table to another host
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Many stacks respond to an unexpected segment for a closed
port by sending RST. ICMP is not specifically “for missing TCP ports”
in the usual way. Forwarding is not correct because delivery is to the
local transport socket.
Question 8
Which is the best definition of UDP?
A. Reliable, connection-oriented transport protocol
B. Best-effort, connectionless transport protocol
C. Transport protocol that guarantees ordering and retransmission
D. Protocol that only works with IPv6
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: UDP is connectionless and does not provide delivery
guarantees or ordering. It works over both IPv4 and IPv6.
Question 9
What is the main reason TCP uses congestion control in addition to
flow control?
Exam 2 Questions and Answers with
Rationale Latest Versions 2026 Top Rated A+
Question 1
Which statement best describes TCP?
A. TCP is connectionless and uses unreliable delivery
B. TCP is connection-oriented and provides reliable, ordered delivery
C. TCP uses message boundaries and guarantees no retransmissions are
needed
D. TCP runs only over UDP ports and cannot be routed
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: TCP establishes a connection, ensures reliability via
ACKs/retransmissions, and preserves ordering with sequence numbers.
A is UDP-like. C is incorrect because TCP may retransmit. D is wrong
because TCP uses ports over IP and is routable.
Question 2
A client sends a packet and receives no response. Which TCP
mechanism most directly handles delivery reliability?
A. Flow control using windowing
B. IP fragmentation
C. ARP resolution
D. Checksum offload
,✅ Answer: A
Rationale: Flow control (receiver window) is part of TCP’s
reliability/robustness in managing what can be sent. IP
fragmentation/ARP/checksum offload don’t provide end-to-end delivery
reliability.
Question 3
What is the primary purpose of the TCP three-way handshake?
A. Encrypt the session keys
B. Establish and synchronize sequence numbers, and confirm readiness
C. Allocate a static route through the network
D. Negotiate IP options only
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: The handshake synchronizes initial sequence numbers and
confirms both sides are ready to communicate. It doesn’t encrypt by
itself (that’s typically TLS). Routes are handled by IP.
Question 4
During TCP connection setup, which flag is sent in the first handshake
message by the client?
A. ACK
B. SYN
C. FIN
D. RST
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: Client initiates with SYN, server replies with SYN-ACK,
and client finishes with ACK.
,Question 5
If a receiver gets out-of-order segments, TCP uses what to maintain
application ordering?
A. UDP checksum
B. Sequence numbers and reassembly in-order delivery logic
C. ICMP redirects
D. IP TTL
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: TCP sequence numbers allow correct ordering and
reassembly, while the TCP stack delivers data to the application in the
correct order.
Question 6
Which field in the TCP header is most directly used to indicate the
location of data within the byte stream?
A. Window size
B. Sequence number
C. Fragment offset
D. TTL
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: The TCP Sequence Number identifies where bytes belong
in the stream. TTL is IP. Fragment offset is IP. Window size is flow
control.
Question 7
, A host receives a TCP segment with a port number that doesn’t have an
application listening. What is the likely result?
A. The segment is silently dropped without any response
B. The host sends an ICMP error for each missing port
C. The host responds with a TCP RST (reset)
D. The host forwards it using the routing table to another host
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Many stacks respond to an unexpected segment for a closed
port by sending RST. ICMP is not specifically “for missing TCP ports”
in the usual way. Forwarding is not correct because delivery is to the
local transport socket.
Question 8
Which is the best definition of UDP?
A. Reliable, connection-oriented transport protocol
B. Best-effort, connectionless transport protocol
C. Transport protocol that guarantees ordering and retransmission
D. Protocol that only works with IPv6
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: UDP is connectionless and does not provide delivery
guarantees or ordering. It works over both IPv4 and IPv6.
Question 9
What is the main reason TCP uses congestion control in addition to
flow control?
