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NEWEST CITI TRAINING QUIZ ACTUAL EXAM 2026-2027
BANK QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
EXAM QUESTIONS WILL COME FROM HERE (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
1. Which of the following is the primary goal of an Institutional Review
Board (IRB)?
A. To facilitate faster publication of research results
B. To protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects
C. To manage grant funding for the institution
D. To ensure researchers meet enrollment targets
Answer: B. The IRB's core mission is to protect the rights, welfare, and
privacy of human subjects involved in research, ensuring ethical
standards are met.
2. The Belmont Report outlines three fundamental ethical principles for
human subjects research. What are they?
A. Beneficence, Justice, and Veracity
B. Justice, Fidelity, and Respect for Persons
C. Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice
D. Non-maleficence, Autonomy, and Confidentiality
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Answer: C. The Belmont Report identifies Respect for Persons
(autonomy), Beneficence (do no harm, maximize benefits, minimize
risks), and Justice (fair distribution of burdens and benefits) as the core
principles.
3. An IRB uses the concept of "minimal risk" to determine the level of
review. Which statement best defines minimal risk?
A. The probability and magnitude of harm are not greater than what is
encountered in daily life or during routine physical or psychological
examinations.
B. The research involves no physical contact with participants.
C. The risks are temporary and reversible.
D. The potential benefits clearly outweigh the potential harms.
Answer: A. Minimal risk means the chance and seriousness of harm are
comparable to those encountered in ordinary daily life or standard
clinical procedures.
4. A researcher obtains identifiable private information about living
individuals and will analyze it. Does this constitute human subjects
research requiring IRB review?
A. No, because the researcher does not interact directly with the
individuals.
B. Yes, because the researcher is obtaining identifiable private
information.
C. No, as long as the data is stored on a password-protected computer.
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D. Yes, but only if the research is federally funded.
Answer: B. Under the Common Rule, human subjects research includes
obtaining identifiable private information or biospecimens for analysis,
even without direct interaction.
5. Which of the following constitutes an informed consent process
violation?
A. Providing a copy of the signed consent form to the participant.
B. Beginning study procedures before the participant signs the consent
form.
C. Discussing the study's risks in lay language.
D. Allowing the participant ample time to ask questions.
Answer: B. Informed consent must be documented and signed before
any research procedures, except when a waiver of documentation is
approved.
6. According to the principle of Respect for Persons, which group
requires special protection when considering involvement in research?
A. Healthy adult volunteers
B. Middle-aged corporate executives
C. Prisoners
D. University professors
Answer: C. Respect for Persons includes acknowledging the autonomy
of individuals and providing extra safeguards for those with diminished
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autonomy, such as prisoners, children, and cognitively impaired
persons.
7. The principle of Justice in research ethics implies that:
A. All participants must be paid the same amount.
B. The burdens and benefits of research should be distributed equitably
among populations.
C. Researchers must always prioritize the interests of their institution.
D. Only volunteers from minority groups should be recruited.
Answer: B. Justice requires a fair distribution of the risks and rewards of
research, preventing the exploitation of vulnerable groups and ensuring
those who bear the risks have access to the benefits.
8. A researcher wants to study a new educational intervention in a
single classroom. The parents give permission, but a child refuses to
participate. What should the researcher do?
A. Proceed with the study, as parental permission is sufficient.
B. Exclude the child from the research activities.
C. Offer the child a larger incentive to secure assent.
D. Wait and re-approach the child the next day; if they refuse again,
proceed anyway.
Answer: B. A child's active dissent should be respected, even if parents
have given permission. Participation must be voluntary.
NEWEST CITI TRAINING QUIZ ACTUAL EXAM 2026-2027
BANK QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
EXAM QUESTIONS WILL COME FROM HERE (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
1. Which of the following is the primary goal of an Institutional Review
Board (IRB)?
A. To facilitate faster publication of research results
B. To protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects
C. To manage grant funding for the institution
D. To ensure researchers meet enrollment targets
Answer: B. The IRB's core mission is to protect the rights, welfare, and
privacy of human subjects involved in research, ensuring ethical
standards are met.
2. The Belmont Report outlines three fundamental ethical principles for
human subjects research. What are they?
A. Beneficence, Justice, and Veracity
B. Justice, Fidelity, and Respect for Persons
C. Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice
D. Non-maleficence, Autonomy, and Confidentiality
,2|Page
Answer: C. The Belmont Report identifies Respect for Persons
(autonomy), Beneficence (do no harm, maximize benefits, minimize
risks), and Justice (fair distribution of burdens and benefits) as the core
principles.
3. An IRB uses the concept of "minimal risk" to determine the level of
review. Which statement best defines minimal risk?
A. The probability and magnitude of harm are not greater than what is
encountered in daily life or during routine physical or psychological
examinations.
B. The research involves no physical contact with participants.
C. The risks are temporary and reversible.
D. The potential benefits clearly outweigh the potential harms.
Answer: A. Minimal risk means the chance and seriousness of harm are
comparable to those encountered in ordinary daily life or standard
clinical procedures.
4. A researcher obtains identifiable private information about living
individuals and will analyze it. Does this constitute human subjects
research requiring IRB review?
A. No, because the researcher does not interact directly with the
individuals.
B. Yes, because the researcher is obtaining identifiable private
information.
C. No, as long as the data is stored on a password-protected computer.
,3|Page
D. Yes, but only if the research is federally funded.
Answer: B. Under the Common Rule, human subjects research includes
obtaining identifiable private information or biospecimens for analysis,
even without direct interaction.
5. Which of the following constitutes an informed consent process
violation?
A. Providing a copy of the signed consent form to the participant.
B. Beginning study procedures before the participant signs the consent
form.
C. Discussing the study's risks in lay language.
D. Allowing the participant ample time to ask questions.
Answer: B. Informed consent must be documented and signed before
any research procedures, except when a waiver of documentation is
approved.
6. According to the principle of Respect for Persons, which group
requires special protection when considering involvement in research?
A. Healthy adult volunteers
B. Middle-aged corporate executives
C. Prisoners
D. University professors
Answer: C. Respect for Persons includes acknowledging the autonomy
of individuals and providing extra safeguards for those with diminished
, 4|Page
autonomy, such as prisoners, children, and cognitively impaired
persons.
7. The principle of Justice in research ethics implies that:
A. All participants must be paid the same amount.
B. The burdens and benefits of research should be distributed equitably
among populations.
C. Researchers must always prioritize the interests of their institution.
D. Only volunteers from minority groups should be recruited.
Answer: B. Justice requires a fair distribution of the risks and rewards of
research, preventing the exploitation of vulnerable groups and ensuring
those who bear the risks have access to the benefits.
8. A researcher wants to study a new educational intervention in a
single classroom. The parents give permission, but a child refuses to
participate. What should the researcher do?
A. Proceed with the study, as parental permission is sufficient.
B. Exclude the child from the research activities.
C. Offer the child a larger incentive to secure assent.
D. Wait and re-approach the child the next day; if they refuse again,
proceed anyway.
Answer: B. A child's active dissent should be respected, even if parents
have given permission. Participation must be voluntary.
