PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2026 WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED
PASS
Electrolyte hallmark of secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD:
A) Hypercalcemia
B) Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
C) Hypokalemia
D) Hypernatremia - ANSWER-B
Which anemia features a "Beefy red tongue" and macrocytosis?
A) Iron deficiency
B) Pernicious/B12 deficiency
C) Sideroblastic
D) Aplastic - ANSWER-B
The hallmark of CML is:
A) Reed-Sternberg cells
B) Philadelphia chromosome
C) Auer rods
D) Bence-Jones proteins - ANSWER-B
Multiple Myeloma involves malignant:
A) T-cells
,B) B-cells
C) Plasma cells
D) Erythrocytes - ANSWER-C
Primary clinical manifestation of Prolactinoma in females:
A) Weight gain
B) Excessive hair
C) Severe hypertension
D) Amenorrhea and galactorrhea - ANSWER-D
Common electrolyte imbalance in early CKD:
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypermagnesemia - ANSWER-A
Most common cause of Primary Hyperparathyroidism:
A) Vitamin D deficiency
B) Parathyroid adenoma
C) Chronic renal failure
D) Neck radiation - ANSWER-B
"Butterfly rash" across the face is a sign of:
A) Scleroderma
B) Rheumatoid Arthritis
C) SLE (Lupus)
D) Psoriasis - ANSWER-C
, Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis involves:
A) Autoimmune cartilage destruction
B) Progressive loss of articular cartilage and bone remodeling
C) Uric acid deposition
D) Bone infection - ANSWER-B
Extra copy of chromosome 21 results in:
A) Down Syndrome
B) Turner Syndrome
C) Klinefelter Syndrome
D) Cri du Chat - ANSWER-A
Most frequent cause of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy:
A) Mitral valve prolapse
B) Aortic regurgitation
C) Chronic untreated hypertension
D) Pulmonary embolism - ANSWER-C
Anemia resulting from red blood cell destruction (hemolysis):
A) Aplastic anemia
B) Sideroblastic anemia
C) Hemolytic anemia
D) Iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER-C
Primary cause of Ascites in liver cirrhosis:
A) Portal hypertension and low albumin