NUR 242 Exam 3: (Latest 2024/2025 Update) Heart Failure, Digoxin,
Furosemide, Valvular Disorders, Congenital Heart Defects | Q&A | Grade A |
100% Correct (Verified Answers)
Medical-Surgical Nursing | Cardiovascular & Respiratory Disorders Review
SUBJECT COURSE FORMAT
Medical-Surgical Nursing / Cardiology NUR 242 Exam 3 Q&A with Rationales
Q1
An older client with a history of congestive heart failure expresses concern about potential exposure to
tuberculosis (TB) from his roommate. The roommate coughs a great deal and sometimes spits up blood. Which is
the primary reason that the nurse pursues more information about the roommate?
CORRECT ANSWER
TB adversely affects older adults with chronic illness
R AT I O N A L E
• Older adults with chronic conditions like heart failure have weakened immune systems.
• TB can cause significant morbidity and mortality in this population.
Q2
When the clinic nurse is teaching a group of clients with heart failure (HF) about dietary interventions to prevent
fluid overload, which topic will be included?
CORRECT ANSWER
Use of fresh or frozen vegetables instead of canned ones / low sodium diet
R AT I O N A L E
• Canned vegetables contain high sodium levels for preservation.
• Sodium restriction (usually <2 g/day) is essential for fluid management in heart failure.
Q3
Which action would the nurse take first when a client with heart failure has an episode of paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea (PND)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Assist the client to sit on the edge of the bed
R AT I O N A L E
• Sitting upright uses gravity to reduce preload and pulmonary congestion.
• High Fowler's position is the first intervention for PND.
, Q4
When caring for a client with a diagnosis of right ventricular heart failure, the nurse expects which assessment
findings? Select all that apply.
CORRECT ANSWER
Dependent edema, Swollen hands and fingers, Right upper quadrant discomfort (hepatomegaly)
R AT I O N A L E
• Right-sided failure causes systemic congestion (blood backs up into venous system).
• Hepatomegaly occurs from liver engorgement; dependent edema from increased hydrostatic pressure.
Q5
The nurse's physical assessment of a client with heart failure reveals tachypnea and bilateral crackles. Which is
the priority nursing intervention?
CORRECT ANSWER
Place client in a high-Fowler position
R AT I O N A L E
• Tachypnea and crackles indicate pulmonary edema (left-sided failure).
• High-Fowler position uses gravity to decrease preload and improve ventilation.
Q6
Which treatment would the nurse anticipate when caring for an infant with heart failure?
CORRECT ANSWER
Medications that are prescribed for both children and adults (digoxin, diuretics, ACE inhibitors)
R AT I O N A L E
• Digoxin, furosemide, and ACE inhibitors are used in both pediatric and adult heart failure.
• Doses are weight-based and carefully calculated.
Q7
Which assessment finding would indicate improvement in a 4-month-old infant admitted to the pediatric unit
with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure?
CORRECT ANSWER
Weight loss during next 2 days (diuresis indicating decreased fluid retention)
R AT I O N A L E
• Weight loss indicates effective diuresis and reduced fluid overload.
• Daily weight is the best indicator of fluid status.
Furosemide, Valvular Disorders, Congenital Heart Defects | Q&A | Grade A |
100% Correct (Verified Answers)
Medical-Surgical Nursing | Cardiovascular & Respiratory Disorders Review
SUBJECT COURSE FORMAT
Medical-Surgical Nursing / Cardiology NUR 242 Exam 3 Q&A with Rationales
Q1
An older client with a history of congestive heart failure expresses concern about potential exposure to
tuberculosis (TB) from his roommate. The roommate coughs a great deal and sometimes spits up blood. Which is
the primary reason that the nurse pursues more information about the roommate?
CORRECT ANSWER
TB adversely affects older adults with chronic illness
R AT I O N A L E
• Older adults with chronic conditions like heart failure have weakened immune systems.
• TB can cause significant morbidity and mortality in this population.
Q2
When the clinic nurse is teaching a group of clients with heart failure (HF) about dietary interventions to prevent
fluid overload, which topic will be included?
CORRECT ANSWER
Use of fresh or frozen vegetables instead of canned ones / low sodium diet
R AT I O N A L E
• Canned vegetables contain high sodium levels for preservation.
• Sodium restriction (usually <2 g/day) is essential for fluid management in heart failure.
Q3
Which action would the nurse take first when a client with heart failure has an episode of paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea (PND)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Assist the client to sit on the edge of the bed
R AT I O N A L E
• Sitting upright uses gravity to reduce preload and pulmonary congestion.
• High Fowler's position is the first intervention for PND.
, Q4
When caring for a client with a diagnosis of right ventricular heart failure, the nurse expects which assessment
findings? Select all that apply.
CORRECT ANSWER
Dependent edema, Swollen hands and fingers, Right upper quadrant discomfort (hepatomegaly)
R AT I O N A L E
• Right-sided failure causes systemic congestion (blood backs up into venous system).
• Hepatomegaly occurs from liver engorgement; dependent edema from increased hydrostatic pressure.
Q5
The nurse's physical assessment of a client with heart failure reveals tachypnea and bilateral crackles. Which is
the priority nursing intervention?
CORRECT ANSWER
Place client in a high-Fowler position
R AT I O N A L E
• Tachypnea and crackles indicate pulmonary edema (left-sided failure).
• High-Fowler position uses gravity to decrease preload and improve ventilation.
Q6
Which treatment would the nurse anticipate when caring for an infant with heart failure?
CORRECT ANSWER
Medications that are prescribed for both children and adults (digoxin, diuretics, ACE inhibitors)
R AT I O N A L E
• Digoxin, furosemide, and ACE inhibitors are used in both pediatric and adult heart failure.
• Doses are weight-based and carefully calculated.
Q7
Which assessment finding would indicate improvement in a 4-month-old infant admitted to the pediatric unit
with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure?
CORRECT ANSWER
Weight loss during next 2 days (diuresis indicating decreased fluid retention)
R AT I O N A L E
• Weight loss indicates effective diuresis and reduced fluid overload.
• Daily weight is the best indicator of fluid status.
