NURS 5461 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWER; 100%
CORRECT; 2026- 2027 UPDATE
A cough can last how long sometimes after a URI? -
correct answer- up to 8 weeks
Acute bronchitis - correct answer- a temporary
inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the
trachea and bronchial passageways; causes a cough that
may produce mucus
5th most common cause of to see a HCP
Age Related Pulmonary Changes - correct answer-
• Reduced airway size
•Shallow alveolar sacs
•Decline in chest wall compliance
• Intercostal muscle atrophy
• Reduction in diaphragmatic strength by 25%
,Anticholinergics such as tiotropium can help do what? -
correct answer- Bronchodilation by reducing
parasympathetic nerve reflexes that cause a reduced
airway. MUSCARINIC receptor binding and inhibits
acetylcholine
aortic regurgitation pathophysiology - correct
answer- Aortic Valve Does Not Close
Left Ventricle's Volume Increases
Left Ventricle Dilates
Left Ventricle Fails
Decreased Cardiac Output
Pulmonary Edema
Aortic Stenosis Pathophysiology - correct answer-
Defined as transaortic gradient > 40mmHg or an aortic
valve area of <1cm2
-The aortic valve orifice narrows and obstructs left
ventricular outflow during systole.
-Increased resistance to ejection or afterload results in
ventricular hypertrophy.
, -As worsens, cardiac output becomes fixed and cannot
increase to meet the demands of the body during
exertion. Symptoms then develop.
-Eventually the left ventricle fails, blood backs up in the
left atrium, and the pulmonary system becomes
congested. Right-sided HF can occur late in the disease
Assessment of Asthma - correct answer-
Asthma control - two domains
Assess symptom control over the last 4 weeks
Assess risk factors for poor outcomes, including low lung
function
Treatment issues
Check inhaler technique and adherence
Ask about side-effects
Does the patient have a written asthma action plan?
What are the patient's attitudes and goals for their
asthma?
Comorbidities
Think of rhinosinusitis, GERD, obesity, obstructive sleep
apnea, depression, anxiety
AND VERIFIED ANSWER; 100%
CORRECT; 2026- 2027 UPDATE
A cough can last how long sometimes after a URI? -
correct answer- up to 8 weeks
Acute bronchitis - correct answer- a temporary
inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the
trachea and bronchial passageways; causes a cough that
may produce mucus
5th most common cause of to see a HCP
Age Related Pulmonary Changes - correct answer-
• Reduced airway size
•Shallow alveolar sacs
•Decline in chest wall compliance
• Intercostal muscle atrophy
• Reduction in diaphragmatic strength by 25%
,Anticholinergics such as tiotropium can help do what? -
correct answer- Bronchodilation by reducing
parasympathetic nerve reflexes that cause a reduced
airway. MUSCARINIC receptor binding and inhibits
acetylcholine
aortic regurgitation pathophysiology - correct
answer- Aortic Valve Does Not Close
Left Ventricle's Volume Increases
Left Ventricle Dilates
Left Ventricle Fails
Decreased Cardiac Output
Pulmonary Edema
Aortic Stenosis Pathophysiology - correct answer-
Defined as transaortic gradient > 40mmHg or an aortic
valve area of <1cm2
-The aortic valve orifice narrows and obstructs left
ventricular outflow during systole.
-Increased resistance to ejection or afterload results in
ventricular hypertrophy.
, -As worsens, cardiac output becomes fixed and cannot
increase to meet the demands of the body during
exertion. Symptoms then develop.
-Eventually the left ventricle fails, blood backs up in the
left atrium, and the pulmonary system becomes
congested. Right-sided HF can occur late in the disease
Assessment of Asthma - correct answer-
Asthma control - two domains
Assess symptom control over the last 4 weeks
Assess risk factors for poor outcomes, including low lung
function
Treatment issues
Check inhaler technique and adherence
Ask about side-effects
Does the patient have a written asthma action plan?
What are the patient's attitudes and goals for their
asthma?
Comorbidities
Think of rhinosinusitis, GERD, obesity, obstructive sleep
apnea, depression, anxiety
