MSM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What did Baddeley find about STM coding? - Answer- Better recall of dissimilar
sounding words → STM encodes acoustically.
What did Miller find about STM capacity? - Answer- Most people recall 7±2 items.
What did Peterson & Peterson find about STM duration? - Answer- Recall decreased as
delay increased; STM lasts up to 18 seconds without rehearsal.
How is information encoded in LTM? - Answer- Semantically (by meaning).
What is the capacity of LTM? - Answer- Unlimited.
What is the duration of LTM? - Answer- Potentially lifelong.
How is forgetting in LTM usually explained? - Answer- Retrieval failure / accessibility
problems, not loss of the memory itself.
What did Baddeley find about LTM coding? - Answer- Better recall of dissimilar-
meaning words → LTM encodes semantically.
Who proposed the Multi-Store Model? - Answer- Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968).
What does the MSM suggest about the flow of information? - Answer- Information
travels in a linear way through three unitary and independent stores.
Where does memory originate according to the MSM? - Answer- From environmental
information entering the sensory register, then STM, then LTM.
What process is essential for keeping info in STM and transferring it to LTM? - Answer-
Rehearsal.
How is information coded in the sensory register? - Answer- Through the senses;
modality specific (iconic = sight, echoic = sound).
What is the capacity of the sensory register? - Answer- Unlimited.
ANSWERS
What did Baddeley find about STM coding? - Answer- Better recall of dissimilar
sounding words → STM encodes acoustically.
What did Miller find about STM capacity? - Answer- Most people recall 7±2 items.
What did Peterson & Peterson find about STM duration? - Answer- Recall decreased as
delay increased; STM lasts up to 18 seconds without rehearsal.
How is information encoded in LTM? - Answer- Semantically (by meaning).
What is the capacity of LTM? - Answer- Unlimited.
What is the duration of LTM? - Answer- Potentially lifelong.
How is forgetting in LTM usually explained? - Answer- Retrieval failure / accessibility
problems, not loss of the memory itself.
What did Baddeley find about LTM coding? - Answer- Better recall of dissimilar-
meaning words → LTM encodes semantically.
Who proposed the Multi-Store Model? - Answer- Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968).
What does the MSM suggest about the flow of information? - Answer- Information
travels in a linear way through three unitary and independent stores.
Where does memory originate according to the MSM? - Answer- From environmental
information entering the sensory register, then STM, then LTM.
What process is essential for keeping info in STM and transferring it to LTM? - Answer-
Rehearsal.
How is information coded in the sensory register? - Answer- Through the senses;
modality specific (iconic = sight, echoic = sound).
What is the capacity of the sensory register? - Answer- Unlimited.
