COPD EXAMPREP REVIEW SHEET TESTED
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
●● what is emphysema? what does it cause?
Answer: a condition where the walls between alveoli are damaged,
which causes there to be fewer and larger alveoli (rather than many little
ones)
IMPACTS ALVEOLI
- causes impaired gas exchange
●● what is chronic bronchitis? what does it cause?
Answer: lining of the airways are constantly irritated and inflamed
causing: mucous formation and dyspnea
IMPACTS AIRWAYS
●● what is the difference between COPD and asthma?
Answer: COPD --
RF -- smoking hx, exposure to "second hand" smoke, occupational
exposure, environmental exposure
S/S -- slow, continuous, and progressive. dyspnea progressive.
ASHTMA ---
, RF -- family hx of asthma, allergies
Health HX - rhinitis, eczema
S/S -- intermittent, dyspnea and sputum present during exacerbations
●● what causes COPD?
Answer: - cigarrete smoking, vaping, marijuana
- recurrent URI infections
- heredity (alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency)
- aging
- occupational exposure -- chemicals and dust
- air pollution - indoor and outdoor
- asthma
- sex (males are more likely to get it)
●● Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency - what is it? how to dx?
Answer: - seen and dx at very young age
- this is produced by the liver and has protective effect on the lungs
- blood draw to dx --> if pt has low amount, IV infusion can be given
●● patho of COPD
Answer: noxious particles and gases (i.e. tobacco smoke, or air
pollution) cause --> inflammation of central airways, peripheral airways
remodeling, parenchymal destruction, and pulmonary vascular changes
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
●● what is emphysema? what does it cause?
Answer: a condition where the walls between alveoli are damaged,
which causes there to be fewer and larger alveoli (rather than many little
ones)
IMPACTS ALVEOLI
- causes impaired gas exchange
●● what is chronic bronchitis? what does it cause?
Answer: lining of the airways are constantly irritated and inflamed
causing: mucous formation and dyspnea
IMPACTS AIRWAYS
●● what is the difference between COPD and asthma?
Answer: COPD --
RF -- smoking hx, exposure to "second hand" smoke, occupational
exposure, environmental exposure
S/S -- slow, continuous, and progressive. dyspnea progressive.
ASHTMA ---
, RF -- family hx of asthma, allergies
Health HX - rhinitis, eczema
S/S -- intermittent, dyspnea and sputum present during exacerbations
●● what causes COPD?
Answer: - cigarrete smoking, vaping, marijuana
- recurrent URI infections
- heredity (alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency)
- aging
- occupational exposure -- chemicals and dust
- air pollution - indoor and outdoor
- asthma
- sex (males are more likely to get it)
●● Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency - what is it? how to dx?
Answer: - seen and dx at very young age
- this is produced by the liver and has protective effect on the lungs
- blood draw to dx --> if pt has low amount, IV infusion can be given
●● patho of COPD
Answer: noxious particles and gases (i.e. tobacco smoke, or air
pollution) cause --> inflammation of central airways, peripheral airways
remodeling, parenchymal destruction, and pulmonary vascular changes
