NUR 202 REAL RESPIRATORY AND RENAL
EXAM WITH DETAILED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES
PT is brought to the Ed after hit by a car he is
unresponsive, shallow breathing open femur
fracture has lost a lot of blood. Which acid-base
imbalance?
A. metabolic alkalosis
B. respirator acidosis
C. metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
D. metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis
C. metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
shallow breathing = retaining CO2
Kidneys are not being perfused and holding onto
H+ and acid, lactic acid produced from the
tissues not being perfused (anaerobic
metabolism).
,A finding indicating to the nurse that a 22-year-old
patient with respiratory distress is in acute
respiratory failure includes a
a. shallow breathing pattern.
b. partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO2) of 45
mm Hg.
c. partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial gas
(PaCO2) of 34 mm Hg.
d. respiratory rate of 32/min.
b. partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO2) of 45
mm Hg.
A patient with hypercapnic respiratory failure has
a respiratory rate of 8 and an SpO2 of 89%. The
patient is increasingly lethargic. Which
collaborative intervention will the nurse
anticipate?
a. Administration of 100% oxygen by non-
rebreather mask
b. Endotracheal intubation and positive pressure
ventilation
,c. Insertion of a mini-tracheostomy with frequent
suctioning
d. Initiation of bilevel positive pressure ventilation
(BiPAP)
b. Endotracheal intubation and positive pressure
ventilation
When admitting a patient in possible respiratory
failure with a highPaCO2, which assessment
information will be of most concern to the nurse?
a. The patient is somnolent. (sleepy)
b. The patient's SpO2 is 90%.
c. The patient complains of weakness.
d. The patient's blood pressure is162/94.
a
The nurse is caring for a patient who was
hospitalized 2 days earlier with aspiration
pneumonia. Which assessment information is
most important to communicate to the healthcare
provider?
, a. The patient has a cough that is productive of
blood-tinged sputum.
b. The patient has scattered crackles throughout
the posterior lung bases.
c. The patient's temperature is 101.5° F after 2
days of IV antibiotic therapy.
d. The patient's SpO2 has dropped to
90%,although the O2 flow rate has been increased.
d. The patient's SpO2 has dropped to
90%,although the O2 flow rate has been
increased.
When caring for a patient who developed acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a result
of a urinary tract infection (UTI), the nurse is
asked by the patient's family how a urinary tract
infection could cause lung damage. Which
response by the nurse is appropriate?
a. "The infection spread through the circulation
from the urinary tract to the lungs."
b. "The urinary tract infection produced toxins
that damaged the lungs."
EXAM WITH DETAILED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES
PT is brought to the Ed after hit by a car he is
unresponsive, shallow breathing open femur
fracture has lost a lot of blood. Which acid-base
imbalance?
A. metabolic alkalosis
B. respirator acidosis
C. metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
D. metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis
C. metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
shallow breathing = retaining CO2
Kidneys are not being perfused and holding onto
H+ and acid, lactic acid produced from the
tissues not being perfused (anaerobic
metabolism).
,A finding indicating to the nurse that a 22-year-old
patient with respiratory distress is in acute
respiratory failure includes a
a. shallow breathing pattern.
b. partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO2) of 45
mm Hg.
c. partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial gas
(PaCO2) of 34 mm Hg.
d. respiratory rate of 32/min.
b. partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO2) of 45
mm Hg.
A patient with hypercapnic respiratory failure has
a respiratory rate of 8 and an SpO2 of 89%. The
patient is increasingly lethargic. Which
collaborative intervention will the nurse
anticipate?
a. Administration of 100% oxygen by non-
rebreather mask
b. Endotracheal intubation and positive pressure
ventilation
,c. Insertion of a mini-tracheostomy with frequent
suctioning
d. Initiation of bilevel positive pressure ventilation
(BiPAP)
b. Endotracheal intubation and positive pressure
ventilation
When admitting a patient in possible respiratory
failure with a highPaCO2, which assessment
information will be of most concern to the nurse?
a. The patient is somnolent. (sleepy)
b. The patient's SpO2 is 90%.
c. The patient complains of weakness.
d. The patient's blood pressure is162/94.
a
The nurse is caring for a patient who was
hospitalized 2 days earlier with aspiration
pneumonia. Which assessment information is
most important to communicate to the healthcare
provider?
, a. The patient has a cough that is productive of
blood-tinged sputum.
b. The patient has scattered crackles throughout
the posterior lung bases.
c. The patient's temperature is 101.5° F after 2
days of IV antibiotic therapy.
d. The patient's SpO2 has dropped to
90%,although the O2 flow rate has been increased.
d. The patient's SpO2 has dropped to
90%,although the O2 flow rate has been
increased.
When caring for a patient who developed acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a result
of a urinary tract infection (UTI), the nurse is
asked by the patient's family how a urinary tract
infection could cause lung damage. Which
response by the nurse is appropriate?
a. "The infection spread through the circulation
from the urinary tract to the lungs."
b. "The urinary tract infection produced toxins
that damaged the lungs."
