Page 1 of 89
Human Anatomy & Physiology I – Module
4 Exam Practice Actual Questions with
Answers and Rationales| Instant
Download PDF.
1. Which type of bone cell is responsible for bone resorption
(breakdown)?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Chondrocyte
Answer: C
Rationale: Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells that break
down bone matrix (resorption). Osteoblasts build bone;
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osteocytes are mature bone cells; chondrocytes are cartilage
cells.
2. The shaft of a long bone is called the:
A) Epiphysis
B) Metaphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Periosteum
Answer: C
Rationale: The diaphysis is the long, cylindrical shaft. Epiphysis is
the end; metaphysis is growth plate region; periosteum is
connective tissue covering.
3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal
system?
A) Mineral storage
B) Blood cell production
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C) Temperature regulation
D) Protection of vital organs
Answer: C
Rationale: Temperature regulation is a function of the
integumentary and muscular systems, not the skeletal system.
4. The structural unit of compact bone is the:
A) Trabecula
B) Osteon (Haversian system)
C) Lacuna
D) Canaliculus
Answer: B
Rationale: Osteons are cylindrical units containing concentric
lamellae around a central canal. Trabeculae are found in spongy
bone.
5. Which bone cells reside in lacunae?
A) Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
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B) Osteocytes
C) Chondrocytes and osteoblasts
D) Osteoprogenitor cells
Answer: B
Rationale: Osteocytes (mature bone cells) live in small spaces
called lacunae. Canaliculi connect them.
6. Scenario: A 15-year-old patient has a fracture through the
epiphyseal plate. What is the primary concern?
A) Excessive bleeding
B) Bone infection
C) Stunted bone growth
D) Calcium deficiency
Answer: C
Rationale: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) is responsible for
longitudinal bone growth. Damage can cause premature closure
or unequal growth.
Human Anatomy & Physiology I – Module
4 Exam Practice Actual Questions with
Answers and Rationales| Instant
Download PDF.
1. Which type of bone cell is responsible for bone resorption
(breakdown)?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Chondrocyte
Answer: C
Rationale: Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells that break
down bone matrix (resorption). Osteoblasts build bone;
,Page 2 of 89
osteocytes are mature bone cells; chondrocytes are cartilage
cells.
2. The shaft of a long bone is called the:
A) Epiphysis
B) Metaphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Periosteum
Answer: C
Rationale: The diaphysis is the long, cylindrical shaft. Epiphysis is
the end; metaphysis is growth plate region; periosteum is
connective tissue covering.
3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal
system?
A) Mineral storage
B) Blood cell production
,Page 3 of 89
C) Temperature regulation
D) Protection of vital organs
Answer: C
Rationale: Temperature regulation is a function of the
integumentary and muscular systems, not the skeletal system.
4. The structural unit of compact bone is the:
A) Trabecula
B) Osteon (Haversian system)
C) Lacuna
D) Canaliculus
Answer: B
Rationale: Osteons are cylindrical units containing concentric
lamellae around a central canal. Trabeculae are found in spongy
bone.
5. Which bone cells reside in lacunae?
A) Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
, Page 4 of 89
B) Osteocytes
C) Chondrocytes and osteoblasts
D) Osteoprogenitor cells
Answer: B
Rationale: Osteocytes (mature bone cells) live in small spaces
called lacunae. Canaliculi connect them.
6. Scenario: A 15-year-old patient has a fracture through the
epiphyseal plate. What is the primary concern?
A) Excessive bleeding
B) Bone infection
C) Stunted bone growth
D) Calcium deficiency
Answer: C
Rationale: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) is responsible for
longitudinal bone growth. Damage can cause premature closure
or unequal growth.
