PAPER 2026 VERIFIED ANSWERS FULL
CLINICAL PROCEDURES STUDY GUIDE
REVISION MODULE
◉ Florence Nightingale
Answer: Founder of nursing.
◉ Clara Barton
Answer: Established the American Red Cross.
◉ Alexander Flemming
Answer: Discovered penicillin.
◉ Jonas Salk
Answer: Developed the first safe and effective injection vaccine for
polio.
◉ David Ho
,Answer: Research pioneer in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS).
◉ Andreas Vesalius
Answer: Father of modern anatomy; wrote the first anatomy book.
◉ Walter Reed
Answer: Proved that yellow fever was transmitted by mosquito bites
while in the U.S. Army serving in Cuba.
◉ Robert Koch
Answer: Developed Koch's postulates, a theory of causative agents
for disease; discovered the cause of cholera.
◉ Edward Jenner
Answer: Developed the smallpox vaccine.
◉ Virginia Apgar
Answer: Founder of neonatology; developed the Apgar score, which
assesses the status of newborns.
◉ Anton van Leeuwenhoek
, Answer: First to observe microbes through a lens; developed the
first microscope.
◉ Ignaz Semmelweis
Answer: First physician to recommend hand washing to prevent
puerperal fever; believed there was a link between performing
autopsies and then delivering babies that caused puerperal fever in
new mothers.
◉ Edwin Carl Wood
Answer: Pioneered the technique of in vitro fertilization (IVF).
◉ Marie Curie
Answer: Discovered radium and polonium.
◉ William Roentgen
Answer: Discovered the x-ray.
◉ Elizabeth Blackwell
Answer: First woman in the U.S. to earn a Doctor of Medicine degree.
◉ Joseph Lister