NURS 620 MARYVILLE EXAM 2 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% GRADED
EXPERT SOLUTIONS| 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
1. Risk factors for hypertension: 1. age & sex- women older than 55 & men older than 45 2.Obesity
3.Excessive dietary intake of salt
4.cigarette smoking
5.chronic alcohol consumption
6.Family history of high blood pressure and/or cardiovascular disease 7.African
American race
8.Stress
9.Sedentary lifestyle
2. Blood pressure goals for JNC8: Healthy patients greater than or equal to 60 years of age is okay if it is below
150/90
Healthy patients less than 60 years of age the blood pressure is okay if less than 140/90
Patients with dx of DM or CKD regardless of age, goal BP is less than 140/90
3. JNC8 Recommendations to Start Antihypertensives: -Patients less than 60, patients with
diabetes, patients with CKD: 140/90
-Patients greater than or equal to 60: 150/90
4. AHA/ACC Target BP Goal and when to start antihypertensives: -Confirmed HTN and known CVD or 10-year
ASCVD event risk greater than or equal to 10%: 130/80
-No history of CVD and 10-year ASCVD event risk <10%: 140/90
,-Community living, age greater than or equal to 65: 130 systolic
-Patients with diabetes: 130/80
5. Lifestyle modifications for HTN: -Weight reduction (BMI 18.5-24.9)
-DASH diet - less than 2.4g a day of sodium
-Increase Physical activity to 30min most days of the week
-Stop smoking
-Alcohol less than 2 drinks a day
6. JNC8 preferred agents:: -general population: thiazide
CCB
ACEI
ARB
-black: (without CKD)
CCB or thiazide
-DM:
thiazide
CCB
ACEI
ARB
-CKD:
ACE
ARB
7. Which medications for HTN should not be used together: ACE and ARBS
,8. What is important to consider with stage 2 HTN?: -Initiate therapy with 2 drugs 9. Reasons to refer patient to
anti hypertensive specialist or nephrology: -As needs for secondary causes of HTN -Poorly controlled HTN with 3
agents
10. HTN therapy for patients over 75years old with impaired kidney function: CCB
Thiazides
11. Geriatric considerations for HTN: -Thiazide diuretics, CCB, ACEI, ARB can be used as single treatment or in
combination
-Start low and go slow; assess risk/benefit of treatment
-Individualize therapy; consider polypharmacy, drug interactions, orthostatic hypotension, fall risk, electrolyte
imbalance, decrease renal clearance, liver metabolism
12 What is the point of treatment for HTN?: -To attain and maintain goal BO to prevent target organ damage
13. Classification of HTN per AHA: Normal BP: less than 120 Systolic, diastolic less than 80 Elevated: 120-129
systolic, less than 80 diastolic
Stage 1 HTN: 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 HTN: 140+/90+
Hypertensive crisis: 180+/120+
14. If goal not met for HTN in a month of treatment then what?: Increase the intital dose of drug or add a second
agent, if goal not achieved with 2 agents consider a 3rd agent.
15. When HTN treatment is initiated or dose changed when should patient follow up: 2-4 weeks, then once goal
has achieved every 3-6 months.
16. Diagnostic workup for HTN: History- any symptoms?
Physical examination
, What are their risk factors? - family history, smoking, drinking, sedentary lifestyle.
Labs: BMP, CBC, UA, CMP, TSH, Lipid profile, ECG
need to know kidney function, electrolytes, are they spilling protein in their urine.
17. Work up for secondary causes of HTN: Cushings- need a 24 hour urine
Coarctation of the aorta- CXR
Pheochromocytoma- 24 hour urine
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Renovascular hypertension- Renal arterogram, ultrasound of kidneys
18. Resistant Hypertension: failure to reach goal BP in patients who are taking full doses of an appropriate three-
drug therapy regimen that includes a diuretic
needs referral to cardiologist
19. Causes of resistant HTN: 1) Improper BP measurement
2) Excess Na+ intake
3) Inadequate diuretic Tx
4) Med issues such as inadequate doses, drug actions and interactions (e.g. NSAIDs, illicit drugs,
sympathomimetics, OCPs), or OTC drugs and herbals
5) Excess EtOH intake
6) Underlying ID causes of HTN (2ndary)
7) White coat hypertension
20. Complications of HTN: Left ventricular hypertrophy - common and early finding Heart failure
Ischemic Stroke
Intracerebral hemmorage
EXPERT SOLUTIONS| 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
1. Risk factors for hypertension: 1. age & sex- women older than 55 & men older than 45 2.Obesity
3.Excessive dietary intake of salt
4.cigarette smoking
5.chronic alcohol consumption
6.Family history of high blood pressure and/or cardiovascular disease 7.African
American race
8.Stress
9.Sedentary lifestyle
2. Blood pressure goals for JNC8: Healthy patients greater than or equal to 60 years of age is okay if it is below
150/90
Healthy patients less than 60 years of age the blood pressure is okay if less than 140/90
Patients with dx of DM or CKD regardless of age, goal BP is less than 140/90
3. JNC8 Recommendations to Start Antihypertensives: -Patients less than 60, patients with
diabetes, patients with CKD: 140/90
-Patients greater than or equal to 60: 150/90
4. AHA/ACC Target BP Goal and when to start antihypertensives: -Confirmed HTN and known CVD or 10-year
ASCVD event risk greater than or equal to 10%: 130/80
-No history of CVD and 10-year ASCVD event risk <10%: 140/90
,-Community living, age greater than or equal to 65: 130 systolic
-Patients with diabetes: 130/80
5. Lifestyle modifications for HTN: -Weight reduction (BMI 18.5-24.9)
-DASH diet - less than 2.4g a day of sodium
-Increase Physical activity to 30min most days of the week
-Stop smoking
-Alcohol less than 2 drinks a day
6. JNC8 preferred agents:: -general population: thiazide
CCB
ACEI
ARB
-black: (without CKD)
CCB or thiazide
-DM:
thiazide
CCB
ACEI
ARB
-CKD:
ACE
ARB
7. Which medications for HTN should not be used together: ACE and ARBS
,8. What is important to consider with stage 2 HTN?: -Initiate therapy with 2 drugs 9. Reasons to refer patient to
anti hypertensive specialist or nephrology: -As needs for secondary causes of HTN -Poorly controlled HTN with 3
agents
10. HTN therapy for patients over 75years old with impaired kidney function: CCB
Thiazides
11. Geriatric considerations for HTN: -Thiazide diuretics, CCB, ACEI, ARB can be used as single treatment or in
combination
-Start low and go slow; assess risk/benefit of treatment
-Individualize therapy; consider polypharmacy, drug interactions, orthostatic hypotension, fall risk, electrolyte
imbalance, decrease renal clearance, liver metabolism
12 What is the point of treatment for HTN?: -To attain and maintain goal BO to prevent target organ damage
13. Classification of HTN per AHA: Normal BP: less than 120 Systolic, diastolic less than 80 Elevated: 120-129
systolic, less than 80 diastolic
Stage 1 HTN: 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 HTN: 140+/90+
Hypertensive crisis: 180+/120+
14. If goal not met for HTN in a month of treatment then what?: Increase the intital dose of drug or add a second
agent, if goal not achieved with 2 agents consider a 3rd agent.
15. When HTN treatment is initiated or dose changed when should patient follow up: 2-4 weeks, then once goal
has achieved every 3-6 months.
16. Diagnostic workup for HTN: History- any symptoms?
Physical examination
, What are their risk factors? - family history, smoking, drinking, sedentary lifestyle.
Labs: BMP, CBC, UA, CMP, TSH, Lipid profile, ECG
need to know kidney function, electrolytes, are they spilling protein in their urine.
17. Work up for secondary causes of HTN: Cushings- need a 24 hour urine
Coarctation of the aorta- CXR
Pheochromocytoma- 24 hour urine
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Renovascular hypertension- Renal arterogram, ultrasound of kidneys
18. Resistant Hypertension: failure to reach goal BP in patients who are taking full doses of an appropriate three-
drug therapy regimen that includes a diuretic
needs referral to cardiologist
19. Causes of resistant HTN: 1) Improper BP measurement
2) Excess Na+ intake
3) Inadequate diuretic Tx
4) Med issues such as inadequate doses, drug actions and interactions (e.g. NSAIDs, illicit drugs,
sympathomimetics, OCPs), or OTC drugs and herbals
5) Excess EtOH intake
6) Underlying ID causes of HTN (2ndary)
7) White coat hypertension
20. Complications of HTN: Left ventricular hypertrophy - common and early finding Heart failure
Ischemic Stroke
Intracerebral hemmorage
