PSIO 201 EXAM 3 2026 PHYSIOLOGY
TEST PAPER QUESTIONS ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Voluntary muscle contraction.
Answer: requires nervous system input
-some can be automatic but we have ability to change their activity
◉ Basics of human movement.
Answer: muscles pull on bones (they dont push) - can predict the action
of a muscle based on location
◉ Origin.
Answer: place where the muscle starts on the bone- stays stationary
◉ Insertion.
Answer: place where the muscle ends on a bone- move toward the origin
◉ General guidelines of body movement.
Answer: in standard anatomical position, everything is extended (except
the feet)
◉ Extension.
Answer: increase the angle between articulating bones at a joint
,◉ Abduction.
Answer: movement away from the midline
◉ Adduction.
Answer: movement toward the midline
◉ Flexion.
Answer: reduce the angle between articulating bones at a joint
◉ Reverse muscle action (RMA).
Answer: when the insertion is anchored, the origin moves toward the
insertion (pull ups)
◉ Agonist.
Answer: prime mover
◉ Antagonist.
Answer: muscle which opposes the agonist
◉ Synergist.
Answer: assists the agonist in making action more efficient
, ◉ Fixator.
Answer: special synergists which help to prevent movement at muscle
origin
◉ Lever.
Answer: rigid bar --> bone
◉ First class levers (LFE).
Answer: Fulcrum in the middle: the effort is applied on one side of the
fulcrum and the resistance (or load) on the other side (a seesaw, a
crowbar or a pair of scissors)
◉ Second class levers (FLE).
Answer: example of a Class Two Lever is a wheelbarrow. The dirt in a
wheelbarrow is the Load, the Fulcrum is the wheel, and the Force is at
the end of the handles where a person lifts it
◉ Third class levers (FEL).
Answer: most common type of lever system
-input force is in between the output force and the fulcrum
◉ Fulcrum.
Answer: fixed point around which the rigid bar (bone) moves --> joint
TEST PAPER QUESTIONS ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Voluntary muscle contraction.
Answer: requires nervous system input
-some can be automatic but we have ability to change their activity
◉ Basics of human movement.
Answer: muscles pull on bones (they dont push) - can predict the action
of a muscle based on location
◉ Origin.
Answer: place where the muscle starts on the bone- stays stationary
◉ Insertion.
Answer: place where the muscle ends on a bone- move toward the origin
◉ General guidelines of body movement.
Answer: in standard anatomical position, everything is extended (except
the feet)
◉ Extension.
Answer: increase the angle between articulating bones at a joint
,◉ Abduction.
Answer: movement away from the midline
◉ Adduction.
Answer: movement toward the midline
◉ Flexion.
Answer: reduce the angle between articulating bones at a joint
◉ Reverse muscle action (RMA).
Answer: when the insertion is anchored, the origin moves toward the
insertion (pull ups)
◉ Agonist.
Answer: prime mover
◉ Antagonist.
Answer: muscle which opposes the agonist
◉ Synergist.
Answer: assists the agonist in making action more efficient
, ◉ Fixator.
Answer: special synergists which help to prevent movement at muscle
origin
◉ Lever.
Answer: rigid bar --> bone
◉ First class levers (LFE).
Answer: Fulcrum in the middle: the effort is applied on one side of the
fulcrum and the resistance (or load) on the other side (a seesaw, a
crowbar or a pair of scissors)
◉ Second class levers (FLE).
Answer: example of a Class Two Lever is a wheelbarrow. The dirt in a
wheelbarrow is the Load, the Fulcrum is the wheel, and the Force is at
the end of the handles where a person lifts it
◉ Third class levers (FEL).
Answer: most common type of lever system
-input force is in between the output force and the fulcrum
◉ Fulcrum.
Answer: fixed point around which the rigid bar (bone) moves --> joint
