5/19/26, 2:11 NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
PM
Rasmussen Pharmacology Exam #2 2026 Questions &
Answers | Verified Solutions | Respiratory, GI, Laxatives,
Cardiac, Anticoagulants & More | Latest Update.
This type of medication reduces nasal congestion by activating alpha1 receptors on nasal blood
vessels which causes vasoconstriction which in turn causes shrinkage of the swollen membrane
followed by nasal drainage
Sympathomimetics (Sudafed)
What does sympathomimetics affect?
Beta1 and beta2 (increase heart rate and BP)
What are 4 adverse effects of sympathomimetics?
1. Rebound congestion
2. CNS stimulation
3. Cardiovascular effects and stroke
4. Abuse potential
What're antihistamines for? (Benadryl)
Allergic rhinitis
What happens when histamine is released?
It dilates small blood vessels and increase capillary permeability
What doesn't antihistamines reduce?
Nasal congestion
Antihistamines are most effective when?
-Taken regularly
-Take even when symptoms are absent
1/26
,5/19/26, 2:11 NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
PM
Second generation antihistamine is known as what? What AE does it not cause?
-Zyrtec
-Sedation
Antihistamines: Adverse Effects
Anticholinergic (drying) effects, most
common Dry mouth
Difficulty urinating
Constipation
Changes in vision
Drowsiness
Mild drowsiness to deep sleep
Intranasal antihistamines are indicated for what in adults and children 12yo and older?
Allergic rhinits
AE of intranasal antihistamines (azelastine and olopatadin)
-Nose bleeds
-Anticholinergic effects
-Unpleasant taste
-Sedation
Opioid antitussives include:
-codeine and hydrocodone
Non-opioid antitussives include:
-dextromethorphan
-diphenhydramine
-benzonatate
What is the most common use of cough medications?
For the suppression of a non-productive cough associated with the common cold and
other upper respiratory infections
2/26
, 5/19/26, 2:11 NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
PM
This medication acts on cough center in the medulla and it decreases sensitivity of cough
receptors and interrupts cough impulse transmission
Dextromethorphan (tessalon perles)
AE of dextromethorphan
Nausea, vomiting, constipation, sedation, drowsiness, confusion, dizzy and nervousness
This non-narcotic antitussive actually provides low local anesthetic effects on the
anesthetized stretch, receptors in the respiratory passage and lungs
Benzonatate
When you think tessalon perles, think of what?
Anesthetic
What is the first choice and most effective treatment prevention of rhinitis?
Intranasal glucocorticoids
AE of intranasal glucocorticoids
Drying of nasal mucosa, Burning or itching sensation, Sore throat, Epistaxis, Headache
What do you give intranasal glucocorticoids for?
Congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing and nasal itching
This is a rare but serious AE that can occur from glucocorticoids
Adrenal suppression and slowing of linear pediatric growth
What is adrenal suppression?
-Disorder when the adrenal glands don't produce enough hormones
What is cimetidine?
H2 receptor antagonist
What is Cimetidine used for?
3/26
PM
Rasmussen Pharmacology Exam #2 2026 Questions &
Answers | Verified Solutions | Respiratory, GI, Laxatives,
Cardiac, Anticoagulants & More | Latest Update.
This type of medication reduces nasal congestion by activating alpha1 receptors on nasal blood
vessels which causes vasoconstriction which in turn causes shrinkage of the swollen membrane
followed by nasal drainage
Sympathomimetics (Sudafed)
What does sympathomimetics affect?
Beta1 and beta2 (increase heart rate and BP)
What are 4 adverse effects of sympathomimetics?
1. Rebound congestion
2. CNS stimulation
3. Cardiovascular effects and stroke
4. Abuse potential
What're antihistamines for? (Benadryl)
Allergic rhinitis
What happens when histamine is released?
It dilates small blood vessels and increase capillary permeability
What doesn't antihistamines reduce?
Nasal congestion
Antihistamines are most effective when?
-Taken regularly
-Take even when symptoms are absent
1/26
,5/19/26, 2:11 NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
PM
Second generation antihistamine is known as what? What AE does it not cause?
-Zyrtec
-Sedation
Antihistamines: Adverse Effects
Anticholinergic (drying) effects, most
common Dry mouth
Difficulty urinating
Constipation
Changes in vision
Drowsiness
Mild drowsiness to deep sleep
Intranasal antihistamines are indicated for what in adults and children 12yo and older?
Allergic rhinits
AE of intranasal antihistamines (azelastine and olopatadin)
-Nose bleeds
-Anticholinergic effects
-Unpleasant taste
-Sedation
Opioid antitussives include:
-codeine and hydrocodone
Non-opioid antitussives include:
-dextromethorphan
-diphenhydramine
-benzonatate
What is the most common use of cough medications?
For the suppression of a non-productive cough associated with the common cold and
other upper respiratory infections
2/26
, 5/19/26, 2:11 NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
PM
This medication acts on cough center in the medulla and it decreases sensitivity of cough
receptors and interrupts cough impulse transmission
Dextromethorphan (tessalon perles)
AE of dextromethorphan
Nausea, vomiting, constipation, sedation, drowsiness, confusion, dizzy and nervousness
This non-narcotic antitussive actually provides low local anesthetic effects on the
anesthetized stretch, receptors in the respiratory passage and lungs
Benzonatate
When you think tessalon perles, think of what?
Anesthetic
What is the first choice and most effective treatment prevention of rhinitis?
Intranasal glucocorticoids
AE of intranasal glucocorticoids
Drying of nasal mucosa, Burning or itching sensation, Sore throat, Epistaxis, Headache
What do you give intranasal glucocorticoids for?
Congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing and nasal itching
This is a rare but serious AE that can occur from glucocorticoids
Adrenal suppression and slowing of linear pediatric growth
What is adrenal suppression?
-Disorder when the adrenal glands don't produce enough hormones
What is cimetidine?
H2 receptor antagonist
What is Cimetidine used for?
3/26
