PSYCHOLOGY 101 FINAL EXAM FULL STUDY GUIDE
WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE RATED A+
Definition of Psychology
Science that studies behavior and the physiological and
cognitive processes that underlie behavior
Ingredients of Happiness
Personal perception of overall happiness
Core Philosophical Issues that are Relevant in Psychology
Free Will vs. Determinism
Nature vs. Nurture
Reason vs. Emotion
Individualism vs. Relationality
Conscious vs. Unconscious
Prenatal Development: Stage 1
Germinal Stage
Prenatal Development: Stage 2
Embryonic Stage
Prenatal Development: Stage 3
Fetal Stage
,Germinal Stage
Contraception to 2 weeks, zygote created, rapid cell division, 1
in 5 pregnancies end in this stage without the mother even
being aware
Embryonic Stage
2 weeks to 2 months, vital organs and bodily systems begin to
form, embryo formed
Fetal Stage
2 months to birth, bodily growth, muscles and bones form,
fetus forms, capable of movement
Threshold of Variability
Age at which a baby can survive in the case of a premature
birth, 23 to 25 weeks
What happens to babies born around the threshold of
variability?
Experience wide range of developmental problems
Structuralism
Analyzing consciousness into basic elements
Functionalism
Investigating function of consciousness
Longitudinal Research
,Same subjects repeatedly over a period of time
Cross-sectional Research
Examine one variable in different groups
Direct Observation
Observing behavior as it occurs
Questionnaire
Questions to be answered by a research participant
Interview
Verbal questioning between researcher and participant
Psychological Test
A standardized measure of a person's behavior
Physiological Recording
Using instruments to record various biological responses
Examination of Archival Records
Researchers analyze existing records
Sampling Bias
Sample isn't representative of the population
Placebo Effects
No treatment, sugar pill
, Distortions in Self-report Data
Social desirability bias
Experimenter Bias
Researchers expectations that influence the outcome of a study
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (1-4)
Sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, abstract
thinking and moral reasoning
Stage 1 Sensorimotor
Birth to 2, object permanence
Stage 2 Pre-operational
2 to 7, egocentrism
Stage 3 Concrete Operational
7 to 11, conservation and hierarchical classification
Stage 4 Abstract thinking and moral reasoning
11 to adult, abstract thinking and moral reasoning
Neurons
Individual cells in the nervous system that receive and transmit
information
Soma
Cell Body
WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE RATED A+
Definition of Psychology
Science that studies behavior and the physiological and
cognitive processes that underlie behavior
Ingredients of Happiness
Personal perception of overall happiness
Core Philosophical Issues that are Relevant in Psychology
Free Will vs. Determinism
Nature vs. Nurture
Reason vs. Emotion
Individualism vs. Relationality
Conscious vs. Unconscious
Prenatal Development: Stage 1
Germinal Stage
Prenatal Development: Stage 2
Embryonic Stage
Prenatal Development: Stage 3
Fetal Stage
,Germinal Stage
Contraception to 2 weeks, zygote created, rapid cell division, 1
in 5 pregnancies end in this stage without the mother even
being aware
Embryonic Stage
2 weeks to 2 months, vital organs and bodily systems begin to
form, embryo formed
Fetal Stage
2 months to birth, bodily growth, muscles and bones form,
fetus forms, capable of movement
Threshold of Variability
Age at which a baby can survive in the case of a premature
birth, 23 to 25 weeks
What happens to babies born around the threshold of
variability?
Experience wide range of developmental problems
Structuralism
Analyzing consciousness into basic elements
Functionalism
Investigating function of consciousness
Longitudinal Research
,Same subjects repeatedly over a period of time
Cross-sectional Research
Examine one variable in different groups
Direct Observation
Observing behavior as it occurs
Questionnaire
Questions to be answered by a research participant
Interview
Verbal questioning between researcher and participant
Psychological Test
A standardized measure of a person's behavior
Physiological Recording
Using instruments to record various biological responses
Examination of Archival Records
Researchers analyze existing records
Sampling Bias
Sample isn't representative of the population
Placebo Effects
No treatment, sugar pill
, Distortions in Self-report Data
Social desirability bias
Experimenter Bias
Researchers expectations that influence the outcome of a study
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (1-4)
Sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, abstract
thinking and moral reasoning
Stage 1 Sensorimotor
Birth to 2, object permanence
Stage 2 Pre-operational
2 to 7, egocentrism
Stage 3 Concrete Operational
7 to 11, conservation and hierarchical classification
Stage 4 Abstract thinking and moral reasoning
11 to adult, abstract thinking and moral reasoning
Neurons
Individual cells in the nervous system that receive and transmit
information
Soma
Cell Body
