NBCOT COTA EXAM NEWEST 2026/ 2027 TEST BANK|
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+| NBCOT COTA EXAM PREP
(BRAND NEW!!)
Intervention of C7 - ANSWER -Feeding and dressing: Independent with ease and
use of equipment
Bathing, grooming, B & B: As C6 but easier
Bed mobility: Fully independent
Depression transfers and push ups for pressure relief
Wheels standard chair easily
Uses adapted car. Assisted with w/c.
Communication without adapted equipment
Recreation: Games without adaptation
Function of C8-T1 - ANSWER -Intrinsics including thumb
Ulnar wrist flexors and extensors
Extrinsic finger and thumb flexors
Extrinsic thumb extensors
= Full upper extremity control including fine coordination and strong grasp
Intervention for C8-T1 - ANSWER -Uses minimal adapted equipment
Independent in feeding, dressing, bathing, bowel and bladder care, skin inspection,
locomotion
,Travel by accessible public transportation
Independent light housekeeping
Vocation and avocation: Independent depending upon type of mobility.
Function of T6 - ANSWER -Top half of intercostals = increased endurance due to
larger respiratory reserve
Long muscles of the back = pectoral girdle stabilized for heavy lifting
Better trunk control
Intervention for T6 - ANSWER -Independent in all self-care
Can ambulate with GREAT difficulty
Standing aid
Work: Can work with tools and do fairly heavy lifting from a sedentary position
Active w/c sports
Independent with weekly housekeeping
Function of T12 - ANSWER -Full innervation of intercostals = better endurance
Abdominal musculature = better trunk control
Ambulates with difficulty using long leg braces and crutches
Chooses w/c for energy conservation
Function of L4 - ANSWER -Low back muscles = hip flexion
Hip flexors, quadriceps = knee extensors
Independent in all activities plus ambulation
,B & B control is not voluntary
Uses can to prevent deformities, short leg brace
Function of S2-S5 - ANSWER -Genital area = full innervation
Full bowel and bladder function
OT goals for SCI clients - ANSWER -1. Facilitate the client's achievement of
optimal independence and functioning
2. Physical restoration
3. Self-care
4. Independent living skills
5. Short and long term equipment needs
6. Environmental accessibility
7. Education, work, leisure activities
8. Psychosocial adjustment
Zone of partial preservation - ANSWER -Some people may have a "complete"
spinal cord injury but still has preserved motor or sensory function between the
injury level and S5. This is called the "zone of partial preservation". Usually, the
spinal cord injury level and severity is classified between 72 hours and 7 days after
injury. Note that some people have neurological loss at a given spinal cord level
but partially preserved function for several or even many segments; this is called
the zone of partial preservation (ZPP)
You may have some sensation and/or movement in areas below the level of your
injury, but no sacral sparing. We call this the 'zone of partial preservation'. A 'zone
of partial preservation' is usually only two to three levels below the level of injury,
but in some cases can extend further.
Lateral Preservation - ANSWER -A person may have partial preservation of
function on one side but not the other or at a different level. For example, a person
may have a C4 level on one side and a T1 level on the other side.
A in ASIA - ANSWER -A: complete lesion; no motor or sensory function
preserved in the sacral segments S4 thru S5.
B in ASIA - ANSWER -B: incomplete lesion; only sensory function below level
of lesion
, Sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and must
include S4 thru S5
C in ASIA - ANSWER -C: incomplete lesion; limited motor function below level
of lesion (MMT < 3/5)
Motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and more than ½ of the key
muscles below the neurologic level have muscle grade of less than 3 (FAIR)
D in ASIA - ANSWER -D: incomplete lesion; minimal limitation in motor
function (MMT < 3+/5)
Motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and at least ½ of the key
muscles below the neurologic level have a muscle grade of 3 or more
E in ASIA - ANSWER -E: normal motor/sensory function
ASIA (American spinal injury association) - ANSWER -uses the findings from
the neurological examination to classify the injury types to further objectify
specific clinical findings
Anterior Spinal Cord Syndrome - ANSWER -MORE SENSORY DEFICITIS!
Pain, touch, proprioception (look in the book)
ASCS results from injury that damages the anterior spinal artery or the anterior
aspect of the cord. Involves paralysis and loss of pain, temperature, and touch
sensation. Patterns of sensory and motor deficits are highly variable and
asymmetrical
Brown-Séquard Syndrome - ANSWER -Motor loss on one side and normal
function on the other side
Motor loss on one side and sensory loss on the other side
Results when only one side of the cord is damaged. Below the level of injury there
is motor paralysis and loss of proprioception on the ipsilateral side and loss of pain,
temperature, and touch sensation on the contralateral side.
Cauda Equina: - ANSWER -Involves peripheral nerves. Ususaly occurs with
fractures belw the L2 level and results in a flaccid-type paralysis. This has better
prognosis because peripheral nerves can recover. Patterns of sensory or motor
deficits are highly variable and asymmetrical.
Evaluations of Activities of Daily Living - ANSWER -AMPS
Barthel Index
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+| NBCOT COTA EXAM PREP
(BRAND NEW!!)
Intervention of C7 - ANSWER -Feeding and dressing: Independent with ease and
use of equipment
Bathing, grooming, B & B: As C6 but easier
Bed mobility: Fully independent
Depression transfers and push ups for pressure relief
Wheels standard chair easily
Uses adapted car. Assisted with w/c.
Communication without adapted equipment
Recreation: Games without adaptation
Function of C8-T1 - ANSWER -Intrinsics including thumb
Ulnar wrist flexors and extensors
Extrinsic finger and thumb flexors
Extrinsic thumb extensors
= Full upper extremity control including fine coordination and strong grasp
Intervention for C8-T1 - ANSWER -Uses minimal adapted equipment
Independent in feeding, dressing, bathing, bowel and bladder care, skin inspection,
locomotion
,Travel by accessible public transportation
Independent light housekeeping
Vocation and avocation: Independent depending upon type of mobility.
Function of T6 - ANSWER -Top half of intercostals = increased endurance due to
larger respiratory reserve
Long muscles of the back = pectoral girdle stabilized for heavy lifting
Better trunk control
Intervention for T6 - ANSWER -Independent in all self-care
Can ambulate with GREAT difficulty
Standing aid
Work: Can work with tools and do fairly heavy lifting from a sedentary position
Active w/c sports
Independent with weekly housekeeping
Function of T12 - ANSWER -Full innervation of intercostals = better endurance
Abdominal musculature = better trunk control
Ambulates with difficulty using long leg braces and crutches
Chooses w/c for energy conservation
Function of L4 - ANSWER -Low back muscles = hip flexion
Hip flexors, quadriceps = knee extensors
Independent in all activities plus ambulation
,B & B control is not voluntary
Uses can to prevent deformities, short leg brace
Function of S2-S5 - ANSWER -Genital area = full innervation
Full bowel and bladder function
OT goals for SCI clients - ANSWER -1. Facilitate the client's achievement of
optimal independence and functioning
2. Physical restoration
3. Self-care
4. Independent living skills
5. Short and long term equipment needs
6. Environmental accessibility
7. Education, work, leisure activities
8. Psychosocial adjustment
Zone of partial preservation - ANSWER -Some people may have a "complete"
spinal cord injury but still has preserved motor or sensory function between the
injury level and S5. This is called the "zone of partial preservation". Usually, the
spinal cord injury level and severity is classified between 72 hours and 7 days after
injury. Note that some people have neurological loss at a given spinal cord level
but partially preserved function for several or even many segments; this is called
the zone of partial preservation (ZPP)
You may have some sensation and/or movement in areas below the level of your
injury, but no sacral sparing. We call this the 'zone of partial preservation'. A 'zone
of partial preservation' is usually only two to three levels below the level of injury,
but in some cases can extend further.
Lateral Preservation - ANSWER -A person may have partial preservation of
function on one side but not the other or at a different level. For example, a person
may have a C4 level on one side and a T1 level on the other side.
A in ASIA - ANSWER -A: complete lesion; no motor or sensory function
preserved in the sacral segments S4 thru S5.
B in ASIA - ANSWER -B: incomplete lesion; only sensory function below level
of lesion
, Sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and must
include S4 thru S5
C in ASIA - ANSWER -C: incomplete lesion; limited motor function below level
of lesion (MMT < 3/5)
Motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and more than ½ of the key
muscles below the neurologic level have muscle grade of less than 3 (FAIR)
D in ASIA - ANSWER -D: incomplete lesion; minimal limitation in motor
function (MMT < 3+/5)
Motor function is preserved below the neurologic level and at least ½ of the key
muscles below the neurologic level have a muscle grade of 3 or more
E in ASIA - ANSWER -E: normal motor/sensory function
ASIA (American spinal injury association) - ANSWER -uses the findings from
the neurological examination to classify the injury types to further objectify
specific clinical findings
Anterior Spinal Cord Syndrome - ANSWER -MORE SENSORY DEFICITIS!
Pain, touch, proprioception (look in the book)
ASCS results from injury that damages the anterior spinal artery or the anterior
aspect of the cord. Involves paralysis and loss of pain, temperature, and touch
sensation. Patterns of sensory and motor deficits are highly variable and
asymmetrical
Brown-Séquard Syndrome - ANSWER -Motor loss on one side and normal
function on the other side
Motor loss on one side and sensory loss on the other side
Results when only one side of the cord is damaged. Below the level of injury there
is motor paralysis and loss of proprioception on the ipsilateral side and loss of pain,
temperature, and touch sensation on the contralateral side.
Cauda Equina: - ANSWER -Involves peripheral nerves. Ususaly occurs with
fractures belw the L2 level and results in a flaccid-type paralysis. This has better
prognosis because peripheral nerves can recover. Patterns of sensory or motor
deficits are highly variable and asymmetrical.
Evaluations of Activities of Daily Living - ANSWER -AMPS
Barthel Index
