TIETZ FUNDAMENTALS OF CLINICAL
CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
149 PRACTICE TEST 2026 FULL SOLUTIONS
REVIEW PACK
◉ Chromatin.
Answer: A structure in the eukaryotic nucleus composed of DNA and
histone proteins.
◉ Chromosome.
Answer: A nucleic acid structure bound by protein containing all or a
portion of an organism's genetic information.
◉ Codon.
Answer: A three-base code found in messenger RNA, used in
translation to specify the amino acid to be incorporated in the
growing polypeptide chain.
◉ Copy number variant (CNV).
Answer: A structural variant of a large region of the genome that has
been deleted or duplicated.
, ◉ Deletion.
Answer: A DNA sequence that is missing in one sample compared
with another. Deletions may be as small as one nucleotide or as large
as an entire chromosome.
◉ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Answer: Repository of the genetic material in an organism.
◉ DNA methylation.
Answer: Addition of a methyl group to a cytosine, used to regulate
gene expression.
◉ Epigenetics.
Answer: Modifications that affect DNA packaging and accessibility
without changing the DNA sequence.
◉ Eukaryote.
Answer: An organism that contains a nucleus and whose DNA is in
chromosomes.
◉ Exon.
Answer: Portion of a gene that codes for protein.
CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
149 PRACTICE TEST 2026 FULL SOLUTIONS
REVIEW PACK
◉ Chromatin.
Answer: A structure in the eukaryotic nucleus composed of DNA and
histone proteins.
◉ Chromosome.
Answer: A nucleic acid structure bound by protein containing all or a
portion of an organism's genetic information.
◉ Codon.
Answer: A three-base code found in messenger RNA, used in
translation to specify the amino acid to be incorporated in the
growing polypeptide chain.
◉ Copy number variant (CNV).
Answer: A structural variant of a large region of the genome that has
been deleted or duplicated.
, ◉ Deletion.
Answer: A DNA sequence that is missing in one sample compared
with another. Deletions may be as small as one nucleotide or as large
as an entire chromosome.
◉ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Answer: Repository of the genetic material in an organism.
◉ DNA methylation.
Answer: Addition of a methyl group to a cytosine, used to regulate
gene expression.
◉ Epigenetics.
Answer: Modifications that affect DNA packaging and accessibility
without changing the DNA sequence.
◉ Eukaryote.
Answer: An organism that contains a nucleus and whose DNA is in
chromosomes.
◉ Exon.
Answer: Portion of a gene that codes for protein.
