MCCANCE AND HUETHER’S
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A PLUS DISEASE
MECHANISMS MASTER SET
◉ What are the differences between:
Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Cells
Answer: Cardiac Muscles Cells are arranged in branching networks
throughout the myocardium, they have fibers, only one nucleus
Skeletal Muscle Cells are parell units throughout the length of the
muscle, many nuclei
◉ Myocardial Metabolism
Answer: Cardiomyocytes depending on the constant production of
ATP, which is synthesized within the mitochondria mainly from
glucose, fatty acids and lactate
◉ Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2)
, Answer: Cardiac work expression-
correlated with total cardiac energy requirments
◉ MVO is determined by three major factors
Answer: * The amount of wall stress during systole- measuring
systolic blood pressure
* The duration of systolic wall tension measured indirectly by heart
rate
* The contractility rate of the myocardium- not measured clinically
◉ Cross- Bridge cycle of muscle contraction
Answer: Thin filaments of actin slide over thick filiments of myosin
◉ Cross Bridge Cycling
Answer: Globular head end of the myosin contains a binding site for
actin and a separate enzymatic site that catalyzes ATP to adenosine
diphosphate (ADP) and organic phosphate (P1)- releasing the stored
energy in ATP the splitting of ATP occurs on the mtyosin molecule -
The process transforms low energy (m) producing a high energy
form of myosin (M)
◉ Excitation coupling contraction
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A PLUS DISEASE
MECHANISMS MASTER SET
◉ What are the differences between:
Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Cells
Answer: Cardiac Muscles Cells are arranged in branching networks
throughout the myocardium, they have fibers, only one nucleus
Skeletal Muscle Cells are parell units throughout the length of the
muscle, many nuclei
◉ Myocardial Metabolism
Answer: Cardiomyocytes depending on the constant production of
ATP, which is synthesized within the mitochondria mainly from
glucose, fatty acids and lactate
◉ Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2)
, Answer: Cardiac work expression-
correlated with total cardiac energy requirments
◉ MVO is determined by three major factors
Answer: * The amount of wall stress during systole- measuring
systolic blood pressure
* The duration of systolic wall tension measured indirectly by heart
rate
* The contractility rate of the myocardium- not measured clinically
◉ Cross- Bridge cycle of muscle contraction
Answer: Thin filaments of actin slide over thick filiments of myosin
◉ Cross Bridge Cycling
Answer: Globular head end of the myosin contains a binding site for
actin and a separate enzymatic site that catalyzes ATP to adenosine
diphosphate (ADP) and organic phosphate (P1)- releasing the stored
energy in ATP the splitting of ATP occurs on the mtyosin molecule -
The process transforms low energy (m) producing a high energy
form of myosin (M)
◉ Excitation coupling contraction
