MCCANCE AND HUETHER’S
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM PAPER 2026
VERIFIED ANSWERS FULL CLINICAL
PATHWAYS STUDY GUIDE REVISION
MODULE
◉ peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Answer: composed of cranial nerves and spinal nerves
also can be divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
◉ cranial nerves
Answer: project from the brain and pass through foramina in the
skull
◉ spinal nerves
Answer: project from the spinal cord and pass through
intervertebral foramina of the vertebrae
◉ afferent
Answer: pathways that carry sensory impulses toward the CNS
,◉ efferent
Answer: descending pathways carrying sensory impulses from the
CNS to effector organs
◉ somatic nervous system
Answer: consist of motor and sensory pathways regulating
voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle
◉ autonomic nervous system
Answer: consists of motor and sensory components and is involved
with regulation of the body's internal environment through
involuntary control of organ systems
-can be further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
◉ microtubules
Answer: made of protein and believed to be involved in transport of
cellular products
◉ neuroglial cells
Answer: found in the CNS and PNS and can provide structural
support and nutrition for neurons, remove debris, increase speed of
nerve impulses, and play a role in memory
, ◉ Nissl substances
Answer: consist of ER and ribosomes and are involved in protein
synthesis
◉ nuclei
Answer: dense, packed cell bodies in the CNS
◉ ganglia
Answer: groups of cells bodies in the PNS
◉ dendrites
Answer: extensions that carry nerve impulses toward the cell body
◉ dendritic zone
Answer: the receptive portion of a neuron that receives a stimulus
and continues further conduction
◉ axons
Answer: long, conductive projections from the cell body that carry
nerve impulses away from the cell body
◉ axon hillock
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM PAPER 2026
VERIFIED ANSWERS FULL CLINICAL
PATHWAYS STUDY GUIDE REVISION
MODULE
◉ peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Answer: composed of cranial nerves and spinal nerves
also can be divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
◉ cranial nerves
Answer: project from the brain and pass through foramina in the
skull
◉ spinal nerves
Answer: project from the spinal cord and pass through
intervertebral foramina of the vertebrae
◉ afferent
Answer: pathways that carry sensory impulses toward the CNS
,◉ efferent
Answer: descending pathways carrying sensory impulses from the
CNS to effector organs
◉ somatic nervous system
Answer: consist of motor and sensory pathways regulating
voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle
◉ autonomic nervous system
Answer: consists of motor and sensory components and is involved
with regulation of the body's internal environment through
involuntary control of organ systems
-can be further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
◉ microtubules
Answer: made of protein and believed to be involved in transport of
cellular products
◉ neuroglial cells
Answer: found in the CNS and PNS and can provide structural
support and nutrition for neurons, remove debris, increase speed of
nerve impulses, and play a role in memory
, ◉ Nissl substances
Answer: consist of ER and ribosomes and are involved in protein
synthesis
◉ nuclei
Answer: dense, packed cell bodies in the CNS
◉ ganglia
Answer: groups of cells bodies in the PNS
◉ dendrites
Answer: extensions that carry nerve impulses toward the cell body
◉ dendritic zone
Answer: the receptive portion of a neuron that receives a stimulus
and continues further conduction
◉ axons
Answer: long, conductive projections from the cell body that carry
nerve impulses away from the cell body
◉ axon hillock
