UNE MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT 1 FINAL
PAPER 2026 TEST QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
COMPLETE A+
◉ Changes in the physiological variables listed below can alter the
affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. Which of the following will lower
the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
a) decrease in protons
b) increase in 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
c) increase in pH
d) decrease in CO2
Answer: Increase in 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
◉ A 22-year old female presents to the emergency department with
acute abdominal pain. She indicates the pain came on rapidly in her
mid-abdominal region. She has vomited several times over the last 4
hours. A diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is made and she is rushed to
surgery. Elevation of which of the following serum enzymes would
be consistent with this diagnosis?
Answer: Amylase
,◉ Which of the following is the best description of primary protein
structure?
Answer: A newly synthesized strand of amino acids
◉ Cleavage of fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate to dihydroxyacetone and
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is achieved by what class of enzymes?
Answer: Lyase
◉ Which of the following amino acid would not be commonly found
in the middle of a an α-helical domain?
Answer: Proline
◉ Domains are common structural elements that retain a particular
function within the protein. Which of the following is an example of
a protein domain?
a) a prosthetic group such as heme
b) irregular coils and loops
c) an arrangement of β-strands connected by α- helixes
d) a single α- helix
Answer: An arrangement of β-strands connected by α-helixes
,◉ α helices and β sheets are primarily stabilized by which of the
following interactions?
Answer: hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonding is the primary stabilizing force in both secondary
structures. In alpha helices the hydrogen bond is between the
carbonyl oxygen group from one peptide bond and that amide
hydrogen from a different peptide bond approximately amide 4
resides down in the helix. In beta sheets, the hydrogen bonding is
between the carbonyl oxygen and the amide hydrogen from different
peptide strands.
Compare and contrast beta sheets and alpha helical formations.
(Figure 7.3 vs. 7.5)
◉ Phosphorylation of an amino acid changes the charge on the
residue to:
Answer: Negative
The addition of a phospho group will add a large negative moiety to
the amino acid and change the functionality of the protein.
◉ Which of the following amino acid would not be commonly found
in the middle of a an α-helical domain?
Answer: Proline
, ◉ A 55-year old man is brought to the emergency room with a chief
complaint of chest pain and tingling in his left arm. Elevation of
which of the following enzymes in circulation would be most
indicative of a myocardial infarction?
Answer: Troponin
◉ A 22-year-old female is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.
Elevation of which of the following serum enzymes would be
consistent with this diagnosis?
a) lactate dehydrogenase
b) amylase
c) troponin
d) creatine kinase
Answer: amylase
◉ Hemoglobin binds oxygen with a greater affinity in the:
Answer: R-State --- Hemoglobin binds oxygen with a greater affinity
in the R state. As oxygen binds each subunit, the affinity for oxygen
increases; this is termed cooperative binding.
◉ A 19-year-old boy is diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
which is caused by the introduction of an amyloid fold in the
disease-causing protein. The introduction of this fold causes the
PAPER 2026 TEST QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
COMPLETE A+
◉ Changes in the physiological variables listed below can alter the
affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. Which of the following will lower
the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
a) decrease in protons
b) increase in 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
c) increase in pH
d) decrease in CO2
Answer: Increase in 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
◉ A 22-year old female presents to the emergency department with
acute abdominal pain. She indicates the pain came on rapidly in her
mid-abdominal region. She has vomited several times over the last 4
hours. A diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is made and she is rushed to
surgery. Elevation of which of the following serum enzymes would
be consistent with this diagnosis?
Answer: Amylase
,◉ Which of the following is the best description of primary protein
structure?
Answer: A newly synthesized strand of amino acids
◉ Cleavage of fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate to dihydroxyacetone and
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is achieved by what class of enzymes?
Answer: Lyase
◉ Which of the following amino acid would not be commonly found
in the middle of a an α-helical domain?
Answer: Proline
◉ Domains are common structural elements that retain a particular
function within the protein. Which of the following is an example of
a protein domain?
a) a prosthetic group such as heme
b) irregular coils and loops
c) an arrangement of β-strands connected by α- helixes
d) a single α- helix
Answer: An arrangement of β-strands connected by α-helixes
,◉ α helices and β sheets are primarily stabilized by which of the
following interactions?
Answer: hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonding is the primary stabilizing force in both secondary
structures. In alpha helices the hydrogen bond is between the
carbonyl oxygen group from one peptide bond and that amide
hydrogen from a different peptide bond approximately amide 4
resides down in the helix. In beta sheets, the hydrogen bonding is
between the carbonyl oxygen and the amide hydrogen from different
peptide strands.
Compare and contrast beta sheets and alpha helical formations.
(Figure 7.3 vs. 7.5)
◉ Phosphorylation of an amino acid changes the charge on the
residue to:
Answer: Negative
The addition of a phospho group will add a large negative moiety to
the amino acid and change the functionality of the protein.
◉ Which of the following amino acid would not be commonly found
in the middle of a an α-helical domain?
Answer: Proline
, ◉ A 55-year old man is brought to the emergency room with a chief
complaint of chest pain and tingling in his left arm. Elevation of
which of the following enzymes in circulation would be most
indicative of a myocardial infarction?
Answer: Troponin
◉ A 22-year-old female is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.
Elevation of which of the following serum enzymes would be
consistent with this diagnosis?
a) lactate dehydrogenase
b) amylase
c) troponin
d) creatine kinase
Answer: amylase
◉ Hemoglobin binds oxygen with a greater affinity in the:
Answer: R-State --- Hemoglobin binds oxygen with a greater affinity
in the R state. As oxygen binds each subunit, the affinity for oxygen
increases; this is termed cooperative binding.
◉ A 19-year-old boy is diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
which is caused by the introduction of an amyloid fold in the
disease-causing protein. The introduction of this fold causes the
