COMPREHENSIVE NURSING ACTUAL TEST 2026
FULL SOLUTION VIEW AND ANSWERS
▶ Genetic mutations occur when:. Answer: 1) an existing error in coding is
transcribed to the new DNA
2) a transcription error occurs that results in an error in coding
3) mutation in the coding occurs after transcription.
▶ Chromosomes. Answer: Somatic cells -46 chromosomes (23 pairs)-
muscles, liver, epithelial, etc-Diploid (2N)
Gamete cells- 23 chromosomes (one from each of the 23 pairs)- Egg or
sperm-Haploid (1N)
▶ Translation. Answer: involves the actual synthesis of protein
▶ DNA and genetics. Answer: Genotype- individual's chromosomes- the
blueprint
Phenotype- the physical end results (eye color, hair color, blood type)
-Human genome= 20,000 genes
-97% of genes are noncoding DNA
-3% codes for synthesis of 60,000-80,000 different proteins, enzymes,
hormones, ion channels, cell membrane receptors
-99.9% of DNA in humans is the same
▶ genetic mutations. Answer: spontaneously or as the result of exposure
to external mutagens such as radiation, chemicals, viruses
-like typos in our DNA
-Base pair substitution- simple typo- may cause problems, may not
-Frame shift mutation- gibberish, complex typo, nothing makes sense- very
complex
▶
FULL SOLUTION VIEW AND ANSWERS
▶ Genetic mutations occur when:. Answer: 1) an existing error in coding is
transcribed to the new DNA
2) a transcription error occurs that results in an error in coding
3) mutation in the coding occurs after transcription.
▶ Chromosomes. Answer: Somatic cells -46 chromosomes (23 pairs)-
muscles, liver, epithelial, etc-Diploid (2N)
Gamete cells- 23 chromosomes (one from each of the 23 pairs)- Egg or
sperm-Haploid (1N)
▶ Translation. Answer: involves the actual synthesis of protein
▶ DNA and genetics. Answer: Genotype- individual's chromosomes- the
blueprint
Phenotype- the physical end results (eye color, hair color, blood type)
-Human genome= 20,000 genes
-97% of genes are noncoding DNA
-3% codes for synthesis of 60,000-80,000 different proteins, enzymes,
hormones, ion channels, cell membrane receptors
-99.9% of DNA in humans is the same
▶ genetic mutations. Answer: spontaneously or as the result of exposure
to external mutagens such as radiation, chemicals, viruses
-like typos in our DNA
-Base pair substitution- simple typo- may cause problems, may not
-Frame shift mutation- gibberish, complex typo, nothing makes sense- very
complex
▶
